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Table 3 Characteristics of patients with tuberculosis stratified according to Determine TB-LAM assay result

From: Diagnostic accuracy, incremental yield and prognostic value of Determine TB-LAM for routine diagnostic testing for tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients requiring acute hospital admission in South Africa: a prospective cohort

 

Among TB patients by LAM status (n = 139)

LAM-positive

(n = 53)

LAM-negative

(n = 83)

No LAM result

(n = 3)

P value*

Age (years), median (IQR)

33.4 (25.9–40.6)

34.2 (28.2–38.7)

25.3 (25.1–32.4)

0.582

Female

30 (56.6)

57 (68.7)

3 (100)

0.153

New HIV diagnosis on admission

19 (35.9)

14 (16.9)

1 (33.3)

0.012

History of previous TBa

17 (32.1)

31 (37.8)

2 (66.7)

0.497

ART status

 ART-naive

28 (52.8)

42 (50.6)

1 (33.3)

0.058

 ART interrupted

11 (20.8)

7 (8.4)

1 (33.3)

 

 Current ART use

14 (26.4)

34 (41.0)

1 (33.3)

 

 If currently on ART, treatment duration (years), median (IQR)*

0.1 (0–2.5)

1.5 (0.6–4.1)

0.8 (0.8–0.8)

0.055

CD4 counts (cells/uL)a

 Median (IQR) cells/μL

42 (23–91)

140 (47–247)

74 (22–546)

<0.001

 <50

30 (56.6)

22 (26.8)

1 (33.3)

<0.001

 50-99

11 (20.8)

9 (11.0)

1 (33.3)

 

 100-149

7 (13.2)

12 (14.6)

0

 

 150-199

4 (7.6)

12 (14.6)

0

 

 ≥200

1 (1.9)

27 (32.9)

1 (33.3)

 

HIV viral load (log copies/mL)b

 Median (IQR)

5.4 (4.3–6.0)

4.7 (2.5–5.5)

4.5 (3.2–5.9)

0.005

 Virally suppressed (<400 copies/mL)

4 (8.0)

21 (26.6)

0

0.011

Anaemia category

 Median (IQR)

7.6 (6.5–8.6)

9.0 (7.4–11.1)

7.1 (6.9–11.8)

<0.001

 No/mild anaemia

3 (5.7)

24 (28.9)

1 (33.3)

0.001

 Moderate/severe anaemia

50 (94.3)

59 (71.1)

2 (66.7)

 

C-reactive protein (mg/L)b

 Median, (IQR)

168 (107–204)

95 (44–142)

100 (87–134)

<0.001

 <50

0

23 (29.5)

0

<0.001

 ≥50

50 (100)

55 (70.5)

3 (100)

 

Symptoms

 Cough ≥2 weeksa

8 (13.2)

11 (13.4)

0

0.972

 Sputum productiona

22 (41.5)

27 (33.8)

2 (66.7)

0.364

 Current cougha

31 (58.5)

22 (62.2)

2 (66.7)

0.667

 Current fevera

22 (41.5)

27 (33.8)

2 (66.7)

0.436

 Current night sweats

11 (21.2)

13 (15.9)

0

0.965

 Current reported weight lossa

30 (56.6)

44 (53.7)

2 (66.7)

0.737

 Positive WHO symptoms screena

52 (98.1)

79 (96.3)

3 (100)

0.553

RIF resistance

 Yes

1 (1.9)

3 (3.6)

0

1

  1. Data are presented as n (%), unless otherwise stated. *Limited to among 49 patients currently receiving ART, abetween 1 and 3 values missing, b8 values missing. Abbreviations: ART antiretroviral therapy, IQR interquartile range, LAM lipoarabinomannan, WHO World Health Organization