Table 1 Characteristics of the study population according to antidepressant medication use, n = 7381
Antidepressant use at baseline and 2-year follow-up | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Non treated | Treated within the same class | χ2 | |
N = 7085 % | N = 296 % | P value | |
Gender (women) | 59.4 | 79.7 | <0.0001 |
Education | |||
< 6 years | 23.9 | 28.4 | 0.05 |
6–11 years | 36.0 | 38.2 | |
> 11 years | 40.1 | 33.4 | |
Body mass index | |||
Normal (<25) | 47.4 | 43.6 | 0.28 |
Overweight (25–30) | 39.8 | 40.9 | |
Obese (≥30) | 12.8 | 15.5 | |
Alcohol | |||
0 | 19.1 | 29.7 | <0.0001 |
1–36 g/day | 72.0 | 67.2 | |
> 36 g/day | 8.9 | 3.1 | |
Caffeine | |||
0–1 cup/day | 25.2 | 34.8 | 0.001 |
2–3 cups/day | 59.8 | 52.0 | |
> 3 cups/day | 15.0 | 13.2 | |
Fruit and vegetable consumption | 0.0006 | ||
Less than twice per day | 28.3 | 37.5 | |
Hierarchical disability indicator | <0.0001 | ||
Fully independent | 55.8 | 31.8 | |
Mild disability | 37.9 | 49.0 | |
Moderate to severe disability | 6.3 | 19.2 | |
Visual impairment | 15.8 | 24.7 | <0.0001 |
Respiratory pathologies | 8.0 | 7.4 | 0.73 |
Diabetes | 9.6 | 13.8 | 0.01 |
Ischemic pathologies | 15.8 | 20.6 | 0.06 |
ApoE 4 allele | 20.2 | 19.9 | 0.92 |
Benzodiazepine use | 17.5 | 59.8 | <0.0001 |
Anticholinergic drug use | 5.3 | 13.2 | <0.0001 |
Other CNS drugs | 5.3 | 18.2 | <0.0001 |
Number of other medications | <0.0001 | ||
0–1 | 34.9 | 18.9 | |
2 | 29.5 | 33.5 | |
3+ | 35.6 | 47.6 | |
Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Wilcoxon test P value | |
Age | 73 (69–77) | 74 (70–78) | 0.007 |
CES-D score | 8 (3–14) | 16 (7–24) | <0.0001 |
Spielberger score | 38 (33–45) | 47 (40–54) | <0.0001 |
MMSE score | 28 (27–29) | 28 (26–29) | 0.09 |
Benton test score | 12 (10–13) | 11 (9–13) | <0.0001 |
Isaacs total score | 48 (41–55) | 43 (37–50) | <0.0001 |
TMTA (seconds) | 50 (40–64) | 60 (48–75) | <0.0001 |
TMTB (seconds) | 97 (75–129) | 118 (85–160) | <0.0001 |