Fig. 1

Domains related to ‘precision psychiatry’. Diverse approaches and techniques, such as ‘omics’, neuroimaging, cognition and clinical characteristics, converge to several domains. These domains can be analysed using systems biology and computational psychiatry tools to produce a biosignature – a set of biomarkers – that, when applied to individuals and populations, will produce better diagnosis, endophenotypes (measurable components unseen by the unaided eye along the pathway between disease and distal genotype), classifications and prognosis, as well as tailored interventions for better outcomes. The bottom-up approach from specific areas (such as metabolomics) to domains (such as molecular biosignature), to systems biology and computational psychiatry, to a resultant biosignature, can also be reverted to a top-down approach, with specific biosignatures being analysed to better understand domains and its specific components. Components and domains are not mutually exclusive, and a subject can belong to more than one component or domain; for instance, ‘large databanks’ can belong to data from ‘neuroimaging’, ‘mobile devices’ and ‘panomics’, all of which are put as different domains. After the establishment of precision psychiatry, persons considered to belong to the same group (agglomerate of persons in grey) will be reclassified into different diagnosis and endophenotypes. Further, after accomplishing precision psychiatry, it will be possible to more accurately predict response or non-response to treatment, as well as better prognosis