| All patients n = 517 | Negative test (Grade 0) n = 316 | Positive (≥ Grade 1) n = 201 | Positive (≥ Grade 2) n = 43 | Positive (≥ Grade 3) n = 20 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 34 (30–41) | 34 (30–41) | 34 (29–41) | 34 (28–42) | 34 (28–45) |
Male sex | 259 (50%) | 158 (50%) | 101 (50%) | 22 (51%) | 9 (45%) |
Enrolled as inpatient | 54 (10%) | 19 (6%) | 35 (17%)*** | 15 (35%)*** | 10 (50%)*** |
Symptoms of systemic TB a | 169 (33%) | 90 (29%) | 79 (39%)* | 32 (74%)*** | 16 (80%)*** |
Cough in last month | 116 (22%) | 56 (18%) | 60 (30%)*** | 23 (53%)*** | 12 (60%)*** |
Current cigarette smoker | 150 (29%) | 88 (28%) | 62 (31%) | 16 (37%) | 8 (40%) |
Current tobacco chewing | 222 (43%) | 133 (42%) | 89 (44%) | 23 (53%) | 11 (55%) |
Hazardous alcohol consumption | 71 (14%) | 31 (10%) | 40 (20%)*** | 13 (30%)*** | 6 (30%)* |
Body mass index | 20.8 (18.8–23.1) | 21.2 (19.3–23.5) | 20.4 (18.6–22.7)* | 19.5 (17.8–22.0)** | 19.4 (17.6–22.0) |
Recent subjective weight loss | 235 (45%) | 135 (43%) | 100 (50%) | 30 (70%)*** | 15 (75%)** |
Abnormal respiratory examination | 28 (5%) | 8 (3%) | 20 (10%)*** | 11 (26%)*** | 6 (30%)*** |
On anti-retroviral therapy | 360 (70%) | 225 (71%) | 135 (67%) | 24 (56%)* | 9 (45%)* |
On isoniazid prophylaxis therapy | 14 (3%) | 9 (3%) | 5 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 0 |
CD4 T-cell count, cells/mm3 b | 270 (128–443) | 289 (151–481) | 233 (95–409)* | 112 (55–264)*** | 71 (31–159)*** |
Haemoglobin, g/dLb | 10.5 (9.2–12.2) | 10.7 (9.4–12.1) | 10.1 (9.0–12.0) | 9.1 (8.1–10.2)*** | 8.6 (6.5–10.1)*** |
White cell count, × 109/Lb | 6.9 (5.3–8.7) | 6.9 (5.4–8.6) | 6.9 (5.3–8.9) | 6.3 (5.4–10.5) | 6.1 (4.5–6.2) |
Lymphocytes, × 109/Lb | 1.7 (1.2–2.5) | 1.8 (1.3–2.5) | 1.7 (1.1–2.4) | 1.3 (0.5–2.2)** | 0.8 (0.4–1.6)*** |
Platelets, × 109/Lb | 291 (225–357) | 288 (219–348) | 295 (239–375) | 277 (224–330) | 276 (216–332) |
Creatinine, μmol/Lb | 85 (72–98) | 85 (72–97) | 86 (73–98) | 80 (74–98) | 84 (68–114) |
Total bilirubin, μmol/Lb | 13.2 (7.8–17.1) | 12.6 (7.8–17.3) | 13.5 (7.8–16.9) | 15.0 (6.7–16.9) | 12.5 (5.5–16.2) |
Abnormal chest X-rayb | 186 (38%) | 102/294 (35%) | 84/190 (44%)* | 17/40 (43%) | 9/18 (50%) |
Gross abnormality on chest X-rayb | 57 (12%) | 29/294 (10%) | 28/190 (15%) | 8/40 (20%) | 3/18 (17%) |
TB diagnosis at 1Â months | 37 (7%) | 10 (3%) | 27 (13%)*** | 14 (33%)*** | 8 (40%)*** |
TB diagnosis at 3Â months | 44 (9%) | 12 (4%) | 32 (16%)*** | 16 (37%)*** | 8 (40%)*** |
TB diagnosis at 6Â months | 54 (10%) | 18 (6%) | 36 (18%)*** | 17 (40%)*** | 9 (45%)*** |
Empirical TB therapy at 1 monthc | 33 (7%) | 17 (6%) | 16 (9%) | 5 (17%)* | 1 (8%) |
Empirical TB therapy at 3 monthsc | 84 (18%) | 45 (15%) | 39 (23%)* | 11 (41%)*** | 6 (50%)** |
Empirical TB therapy at 6 monthsc | 123 (27%) | 71 (24%) | 52 (32%) | 13 (50%)** | 6 (55%)* |
Dead at 1Â month | 5 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 2 (5%)* | 1 (5%) |
Dead at 3Â months | 13 (3%) | 7 (2%) | 6 (3%) | 5 (12%)*** | 4 (20%)*** |
Dead at 6Â months | 16 (3%) | 10 (3%) | 6 (3%) | 5 (12%)*** | 4 (20%)*** |
Complicated coursed | 205 (40%) | 101 (32%) | 104 (52%)*** | 35 (81%)*** | 18 (90%)*** |
False-positive LF-LAM teste | 97 (19%) | – | 97 (48%) | 8 (19%) | 2 (10%) |