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Table 2 Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI for associations of lipid biomarkers with total cancer mortality

From: Blood lipids and lipoproteins in relation to incidence and mortality risks for CVD and cancer in the prospective EPIC–Heidelberg cohort

Biomarker

quartile_1

quartile_2

quartile_3

quartile_4

pval_med

hr_con

pval_con

TCa

Ref

0.78 (0.60–1.00)

0.78 (0.61–1.01)

0.77 (0.59–0.99)

0.072

0.67 (0.47–0.95)

0.025

TC adjustedb

Ref

0.74 (0.56–0.98)

0.77 (0.59–1.02)

0.71 (0.54–0.94)

0.036

0.62 (0.43–0.88)

0.009

Medianc

4.70/4.70/4.60

5.50/5.60/5.50

6.20/6.20/6.20

7.20/7.20/7.10

   

No of cases

187

158

170

177

   

HDL-Ca

Ref

0.83 (0.66–1.03)

0.86 (0.69–1.08)

0.56 (0.43–0.73)

<0.0001

0.67 (0.55–0.82)

0.0001

HDL-C adjustedb

Ref

0.93 (0.73–1.18)

0.95 (0.74–1.22)

0.67 (0.50–0.91)

0.021

0.78 (0.62–0.98)

0.037

Medianc

0.95/0.90/1.20

1.20/1.10/1.50

1.50/1.40/1.80

2.00/1.80/2.10

   

No of cases

254

188

188

103

   

apo(a)a

Ref

0.77 (0.60–0.97)

0.75 (0.59–0.95)

0.64 (0.50–0.82)

0.0007

0.56 (0.39–0.80)

0.001

apo(a) adjustedb

Ref

0.76 (0.58–0.99)

0.80 (0.62–1.03)

0.71 (0.54–0.93)

0.029

0.67 (0.45–0.99)

0.044

Medianc

1.34/1.30/1.48

1.54/1.48/1.68

1.70/1.64/1.90

2.04/1.91/2.16

   

No of cases

224

169

183

156

   

apoB-100a

Ref

0.84 (0.66–1.08)

0.73 (0.56–0.94)

0.87 (0.68–1.12)

0.284

0.82 (0.64–1.05)

0.112

apoB-100 adjustedb

Ref

0.88 (0.68–1.15)

0.69 (0.52–0.91)

0.79 (0.60–1.03)

0.054

0.72 (0.56–0.93)

0.011

Medianc

0.82/0.84/0.77

1.03/1.07/0.97

1.21/1.26/1.15

1.47/1.53/1.38

   

No. of cases

173

178

160

204

   

TGa

Ref

1.29 (1.00–1.67)

1.00 (0.77–1.29)

1.21 (0.94–1.56)

0.382

1.06 (0.95–1.19)

0.305

TG adjustedb

Ref

1.28 (0.97–1.70)

0.92 (0.69–1.23)

1.10 (0.82–1.46)

0.895

0.97 (0.85–1.11)

0.675

Medianc

0.90/1.00/0.80

1.50/1.70/1.10

2.00/2.40/1.60

3.30/3.70/2.70

   

No of cases

153

173

162

200

   

Lp(a)a

Ref

0.98 (0.77–1.25)

0.76 (0.59–0.98)

0.78 (0.60–1.00)

0.080

0.94 (0.90–0.99)

0.011

Lp(a) adjustedb

Ref

0.94 (0.72–1.22)

0.73 (0.56–0.96)

0.74 (0.57–0.98)

0.076

0.94 (0.89–0.98)

0.010

Medianc

3.50/3.30/3.85

8.50/8.10/9.40

20.25/19.40/21.75

129.60/121.60/134.70

   

No of cases

189

187

160

157

   
  1. aCrude model adjusted for sex and age at blood draw
  2. bMultivariable model further adjusted for baseline height, waist, BMI, lifetime alcohol consumption, red meat intake, fiber intake, smoking status, socioeconomic status, physical activity, diabetes, hypertension, and use of lipid-lowering drugs
  3. cMedians of lipid parameters are of all/men/women within the cancer deaths
  4. Entries in boldface are statistically significant
  5. apo apolipoprotein, CI confidence interval, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein, hr_con continuous HR for a doubling in biomarker concentration, Lp(a) lipoprotein (a), pval_con P trend continuously, pval_med P trend over lipid biomarker levels based on the median of each quartile, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides