From: Prediction of autonomic dysreflexia during urodynamics: a prospective cohort study
Characteristics | No AD (n = 96) | AD (n = 204) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Sex | |||
Male vs. female, no. (%) | 88 (92) vs. 8 (8) | 171 (84) vs. 33 (16) | 0.065 |
Mean (SD) age (years) | 49 (15) | 53 (16) | 0.044 |
Mean (SD) time after SCI (years) | 10 (10) | 11 (12) | 0.706 |
Stage of SCIa | |||
Acute vs. chronic, no. (%) | 20 (21) vs. 76 (79) | 48 (23) vs. 156 (77) | 0.603 |
Type of plegia | |||
Tetraplegic vs. paraplegic, no. (%) | 10 (10) vs. 86 (90) | 88 (43) vs. 116 (57) | < 0.001 |
Completeness of lesion (AIS) | |||
Complete (AIS A) vs. incomplete (AIS B–D), no. (%) | 41 (43) vs. 55 (57) | 79 (39) vs. 125 (61) | 0.511 |
Motor complete (AIS A–B) vs. incomplete (AIS C–D), no. (%) | 55 (57) vs. 41 (43) | 115 (56) vs. 89 (44) | 0.881 |
AIS A, no. (%) | 41 (43) | 79 (39) | |
AIS B, no. (%) | 14 (15) | 36 (18) | |
AIS C, no. (%) | 14 (15) | 31 (15) | |
AIS D, no. (%) | 27 (28) | 58 (28) | |
Lesion level | |||
At or above T6 vs. below T6, no. (%) | 27 (28) vs. 69 (72) | 139 (68) vs. 65 (32) | < 0.001 |
Cervical, no. (%) | 10 (10) | 88 (43) | |
Thoracic, no. (%) | 72 (75) | 100 (49) | |
Lumbar (L1–L2), no. (%) | 14 (15) | 16 (8) | |
Start of UDIb | |||
Blood pressure | |||
Mean (SD) systolic (mmHg) | 133 (22) | 124 (23) | 0.001 |
Mean (SD) diastolic (mmHg) | 79 (15) | 74 (12) | 0.001 |
Mean (SD) heart rate (bpm) | 74 (15) | 76 (16) | 0.458 |
Cardiovascular change (Δ) during UDIb | |||
Blood pressure | |||
Mean (SD) systolic (mmHg) | 7 (8) | 58 (29) | < 0.001 |
Mean (SD) diastolic (mmHg) | 5 (6) | 23 (13) | < 0.001 |
Mean (SD) heart rate (bpm) | 1 (8) | –11 (15) | < 0.001 |
Presence of NDOb | |||
Yes vs. No, no. (%) | 70 (73) vs. 26 (27) | 179 (88) vs. 25 (12) | 0.001 |