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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants by study group and gender

From: The Daily Mile makes primary school children more active, less sedentary and improves their fitness and body composition: a quasi-experimental pilot study

 

Total

Males

Females

Intervention vs control school (uncorrected)

Intervention vs control school (corrected)

Age (years)

8.4 ± 2.0 (379)

8.3 ± 2.0 (192)

8.4 ± 1.9 (187)

t = 3.18

 

 Intervention school

8.1 ± 2.0 (252)

8.2 ± 2.0 (129)

8.0 ± 1.9 (123)

SMD = 0.346

 

 Control school

8.8 ± 1.8 (127)

8.6 ± 1.8 (63)

9.0 ± 1.8 (64)

p = 0.002

 

Daily MVPA (min)

55 ± 22 (118)

60 ± 20 (56)

50 ± 22 (62)

t = 0.766

F = 1.982

 Intervention school

53 ± 22 (56)

53 ± 19 (24)

53 ± 24 (32)

SMD = 0.141

SMD = 0.258

 Control school

56 ± 22 (62)

66 ± 19 (32)

47 ± 20 (30)

p = 0.445

p = 0.162

Daily sedentary time (min)

345 ± 74 (118)

338 ± 80 (56)

352 ± 67 (62)

t = 1.142

F = 7.543

 Intervention school

337 ± 77 (56)

327 ± 84 (24)

344 ± 71 (32)

SMD = 0.210

SMD = 0.493

 Control school

352 ± 71 (62)

346 ± 78 (32)

360 ± 63 (30)

p = 0.256

p = 0.007

Total shuttle distance (m)

670 ± 351 (357)

748 ± 399 (183)

589 ± 271 (174)

t = 1.944

F = 0.294

 Intervention school

645 ± 351 (240)

719 ± 397 (124)

566 ± 276 (116)

SMD = 0.219

SMD = 0.061

 Control school

722 ± 347 (117)

807 ± 400 (59)

635 ± 258 (58)

p = 0.053

p = 0.588

Sum of skinfolds (mm)

35.1 ± 14.7 (327)

32.6 ± 14.9 (175)

38.1 ± 13.9 (152)

t = 2.214

F = 2.117

 Intervention school

33.8 ± 12.7 (213)

31.7 ± 13.5 (115)

36.4 ± 11.2 (98)

SMD = 0.257

SMD = 0.169

 Control school

37.6 ± 17.6 (114)

34.4 ± 17.3 (60)

41.1 ± 17.4 (54)

p = 0.028

p = 0.147

% meeting physical activity guidelines

36.4% (118)

46.4% (56)

27.4% (62)

χ2 = 4.29, p = 0.038

OR = 2.251 (1.037–4.884), p = 0.040

 Intervention school

26.8% (56)

25.0% (24)

28.1% (32)

 Control school

45.2% (62)

62.5% (32)

26.7% (30)

% overweight or obese

16.8% (369)

18.6% (188)

14.9% (181)

χ2 = 0.01, p = 0.922

OR = 1.029 (0.578–1.833), p = 0.928

 Intervention school

16.7% (246)

19.0% (126)

14.2% (120)

 Control school

17.1% (123)

17.7% (62)

16.4% (61)

  1. Values in columns 2–4 are means ± SD (n value) or percentage (n value). Comparisons are by t test or χ2 and odds ratio. Corrected values are from ANOVA including correction for age, gender and age*gender. Shuttle distance is given to the nearest metre. Accelerometer minutes are given to the nearest minute. It was not possible to correct percentage values for age and gender. MVPA and sedentary time were also corrected for wear time. This table includes only participants with valid measurements both before and after the intervention
  2. MVPA moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity, OR odds ratio, SD standard deviation, SMD standardised mean difference