Table 3 Factors associated with major incidents and observation care only, weighted n = 27,941
Major incident | Observation care | |
|---|---|---|
Adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | Adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | |
Age | ||
15–19 | 0.94 (0.74–1.21) | 1.18 (0.97–1.42) |
20–24 | Reference | Reference |
25–29 | 1.08 (0.91–1.28) | 0.81** (0.71–0.94) |
30–39 | 1.49*** (1.24–1.79) | 0.72*** (0.62–0.83) |
40–49 | 1.75** (1.21–2.53) | 0.55*** (0.39–0.77) |
Primary payer | ||
Private insurance | Reference | Reference |
Medicaid | 1.28** (1.08–1.52) | 0.83* (0.72–0.96) |
Medicare | 1.30 (0.79–2.15) | 0.94 (0.55–1.62) |
Self-pay | 0.66** (0.52–0.85) | 1.33** (1.12–1.57) |
No charge | 1.20 (0.39–3.69) | 0.73 (0.34–1.59) |
Other | 1.35 (0.93–1.97) | 0.95 (0.68–1.31) |
Missing | 0.32 (0.06–1.70) | 0.85 (0.36–2.00) |
Urban/rural residence | ||
Urban | Reference | Reference |
Rural | 1.02 (0.59–1.75) | 0.86 (0.58–1.28) |
Missing | 1.67 (0.58–4.75) | 0.43 (0.14–1.28) |
Zip code-based income quartile | ||
First quartile | Reference | Reference |
Second quartile | 1.11 (0.90–1.36) | 0.95 (0.82–1.10) |
Third quartile | 0.93 (0.75–1.15) | 0.89 (0.76–1.04) |
Fourth quartile | 1.04 (0.82–1.32) | 0.92 (0.77–1.11) |
Missing | 0.90 (0.46–1.75) | 0.96 (0.54–1.70) |
Diabetes indicated | ||
No | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 2.47** (1.42–4.31) | 0.28*** (0.14–0.54) |
Hypertension indicated | ||
No | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 3.79*** (2.46–5.83) | 0.52** (0.34–0.80) |
Overweight/obese BMI indicated | ||
No | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 4.63*** (2.65–8.10) | 0.18*** (0.10–0.33) |
Hospital characteristics | ||
Region | ||
Northeast | 1.89*** (1.32–2.71) | 0.65** (0.48–0.88) |
Midwest | Reference | Reference |
South | 2.11*** (1.53–2.90) | 0.69** (0.54–0.86) |
West | 1.80*** (1.30–2.49) | 2.19*** (1.71–2.80) |
Trauma level of hospital | ||
Level I or II | 1.52*** (1.23–1.88) | 0.81* (0.68–0.98) |
Nontrauma or level III | Reference | Reference |
Not specified | 1.40 (0.88–2.23) | 0.86 (0.55–1.35) |
Urban or rural location of hospital | ||
Urban | Reference | Reference |
Rural | 0.65 (0.36–1.17) | 1.20 (0.77–1.86) |
Year | ||
2009 | Reference | Reference |
2010 | 0.85 (0.68–1.07) | 1.04 (0.85–1.28) |
2011 | 0.77* (0.61–0.98) | 1.09 (0.88–1.36) |
2012 | 0.73** (0.57–0.92) | 0.95 (0.76–1.19) |
2013 | 0.71** (0.56–0.90) | 0.87 (0.70–1.08) |