Table 2 Modelling spending rate (in 2014), clustered by Clinical Commissioning Group, sex/age variables
Model predictors | Unadjusted point estimate (95% confidence interval) | Adjusteda point estimate (95% confidence interval) |
|---|---|---|
Sex | ||
 Change per % increase in female patients | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) |
Age | ||
 Change per % increase in patients ≤ 18 years | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 1.02 (1.02–1.03) |
 Change per % increase in patients ≥ 75 years | 1.06 (1.05–1.07) | 1.07 (1.06–1.07) |
Level of rurality | ||
 Baseline: Rural | 1 | 1 |
 Towns and Cities | 0.85 (0.81–0.90) | 0.93 (0.89–0.98) |
 Urban Conurbation | 0.73 (0.67–0.80) | 0.85 (0.78–0.93) |
Level of deprivation | ||
 Baseline: 1 – Least Deprived | 1 | 1 |
 2 | 0.88 (0.83–0.92) | 0.93 (0.88–0.98) |
 3 | 0.80 (0.76–0.85) | 0.88 (0.83–0.93) |
 4 | 0.71 (0.67–0.75) | 0.80 (0.75–0.85) |
 5 – Most Deprived | 0.67 (0.63–0.71) | 0.77 (0.72–0.83) |