Fig. 7
In vivo co-resistance of ART-R240 parasites to quinine, amodiaquine, and halofantrine. The ART-R240 strain, which had shown various patterns of co-resistance to other anti-malarials in vitro, was assessed in vivo with the same compounds either alone or in combination with artesunate. a The ART-R240 parasites showed full in vivo resistance to quinine (QN) 219 mg/kg (three doses of 73 mg/kg every 8 h IV). However, the same parasites in the same mice were sensitive to either chloroquine (CQ) (73 mg/kg PO) or mefloquine (MQ) (50 mg/kg i.p.). b, c In vivo resistance to amodiaquine (AQ) (73 mg/kg PO) and halofantrine (HF) (1 mg/kg IV per day, 4 consecutive days) confirmed in vitro indications. d As expected, resistance was seen to a combination of artesunate (AS) and amodiaquine (AQ), whereas parasites in the same animal remained susceptible to chloroquine. e Susceptibility to the artesunate-mefloquine combination was seen in keeping with in vitro results