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Table 2 Prevalence of comorbidities (95% confidence intervals) among participants with COPD aged 40–79 by race and ethnicity, U.S. NHANES 2007–2012 and Korea NHANES 2007–2015

From: Racial differences in comorbidity profile among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

 

U.S. NHANES

Korea NHANES

 

Non-Hispanic White (n = 944)

Non-Hispanic Black (n = 324)

Hispanica (n = 227)

Korean (n = 3808)

P value

Asthma

19.9 (16.5 to 23.7)

24.0 (19.4 to 29.3)

20.7 (14.3 to 29.0)

9.1 (8.0 to 10.4)

< 0.001

Cardiovascular disease

 Hypertension

51.5 (47.4 to 55.7)

70.2 (64.0 to 75.6)

54.1 (46.4 to 61.5)

48.8 (46.8 to 50.8)

< 0.001

 Dyslipidemia

65.5 (61.2 to 69.7)

53.9 (47.3 to 60.3)

57.2 (48.5 to 65.4)

44.8 (42.7 to 47.0)

< 0.001

 Stroke

3.6 (2.6 to 4.8)

7.3 (4.6 to 11.3)

1.6 (0.5 to 5.3)

2.5 (2.0 to 3.1)

0.003

 Myocardial infarction

6.2 (4.7 to 8.1)

4.2 (2.6 to 6.6)

5.4 (3.3 to 8.8)

1.7 (1.2 to 2.3)

< 0.001

Diabetes mellitus

13.3 (10.8 to 16.4)

23.3 (18.6 to 28.8)

23.1 (17.5 to 29.7)

18.4 (16.8 to 20.1)

< 0.001

Anemia

4.4 (3.0 to 6.3)

16.4 (12.3 to 21.6)

9.2 (5.8 to 14.3)

6.6 (5.7 to 7.6)

< 0.001

Musculoskeletal disease

 Osteoarthritis

40.1 (36.4 to 44.0)

38.0 (33.0 to 43.2)

31.2 (24.5 to 38.8)

14.9 (13.5 to 16.5)

< 0.001

 Rheumatoid arthritis

6.3 (4.3 to 9.1)

11.9 (8.4 to 16.4)

7.9 (5.2 to 12.0)

2.2 (1.6 to 2.8)

< 0.001

 Osteoporosis

13.6 (10.9 to 16.9)

9.1 (6.5 to 12.7)

9.9 (6.1 to 15.4)

3.3 (2.7 to 4.1)

< 0.001

  1. aHispanic was defined as Mexican American or other Hispanic
  2. COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey