Table 1 Characteristics of study participants
Characteristics | Overall cohort (N = 313) | Non-exposed (N = 22) | Exposed no PM (N = 61) | Past PM (N = 185) | Chronic PM (N = 38) | Acute PM (N = 7) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal characteristics | |||||||
 Age (years, mean ± SD) | 26.1 ± 6.2 | 28.4 ± 6.4 | 27.7 ± 6.0 | 25.5 ± 6.0 | 23.8 ± 5.7 | 28.3 ± 7.2 | < 0.001 |
 Gravidity (N (%)) | < 0.001 | ||||||
  Primigravida | 58 (18.5) | 1 (4.5) | 2 (3.3) | 40 (21.6) | 15 (39.5) | 0 (0.0) |  |
  Secundigravida | 58 (18.5) | 2 (9.1) | 10 (16.4) | 38 (20.5) | 7 (18.4) | 1 (14.3) |  |
  Multigravida | 197 (63.0) | 19 (86.4) | 49 (80.3) | 107 (57.9) | 16 (42.1) | 6 (85.7) |  |
 ITN use (N (%)) | 219 (70.0) | 19 (86.4) | 47 (77.0) | 128 (69.2) | 21 (55.3) | 4 (57.1) | 0.061 |
 MiP preventive strategy in COSMIC trial (N (%)) | < 0.001 | ||||||
  Standard IPTp-SP | 109 (34.2) | – | 23 (37.7) | 68 (36.8) | 14 (36.8) | 4 (57.1) |  |
  CSST/IPTp-SP | 204 (65.2) | 22 (100.0) | 38 (62.3) | 117 (63.2) | 24 (63.2) | 3 (42.9) |  |
 SP doses uptake (women who received ≥ 2 doses, N (%)) | 293 (93.6) | 21 (95.5) | 55 (90.2) | 178 (96.2) | 32 (84.2) | 7 (100.0) | 0.055 |
 AL treatment (women treated at least once, N (%)) | 67 (21.4) | – | 7 (11.5) | 43 (23.2) | 14 (36.8) | 3 (42.8) | 0.002 |
 Gestational age at enrollment (median (IQR), weeks) | 20 (19–22) | 20 (18–26.5) | 20 (20.5–25.5) | 20 (19–21) | 20 (16–21) | 20 (20–25) | 0.445 |
Infants characteristics | |||||||
 Sex (females, N (%)) | 169 (54.0) | 7 (31.8) | 36 (59.0) | 105 (56.8) | 19 (50.0) | 2 (28.6) | 0.110 |
 Birth season (malaria high-transmission season, N (%)) | 243 (77.6) | 14 (63.6) | 44 (72.1) | 141 (76.2) | 37 (97.4) | 7 (100.0) | 0.002 |
 Birth weight (g, mean ± SD) | 3009 ± 429.6 | 3119.1 ± 441.7 | 3041.5 ± 360.5 | 2988.2 ± 439.1 | 2967.1 ± 499.8 | 3169.3 ± 228.4 | 0.470 |
 LBW (< 2500 g) (no. (%)) | 30 (9.6) | 1 (4.5) | 3 (4.9) | 20 (10.8) | 6 (15.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.371 |
 Ethnicity (N (%) | 0.017 | ||||||
  Mossi | 276 (88.2) | 21 (95.4) | 55 (90.1) | 164 (88.6) | 31 (81.6) | 5 (71.4) |  |
  Gourounsi | 34 (10.8) | 1 (4.6) | 4 (6.6) | 21 (11.4) | 7 (18.4) | 2 (28.6) |  |
  Fulani | 3 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |  |
 Follow-up time (total time at risk, person-months) | 2782.6 | 175.1 | 544.7 | 1664.1 | 330.4 | 68.3 |  |
 Clinical malaria episode (N (%)) | 189 (60.4) | 11 (50.0) | 37 (60.7) | 113 (61.1) | 24 (63.2) | 4 (57.1) | 0.872 |
 Time to first clinical malaria episode (median, months) | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 10.5 | 11.4 | 0.990 |