Fig. 4

Impact of the inclusion of additional efficacy against PHN using trial data and the use of effectiveness data against HZ on the threshold vaccine cost per dose of ZVL. The cost-effectiveness threshold was set at €20,000 per quality-adjusted life year gained. Effectiveness data from three data sources, i.e. the US Kaiser Permanente Southern California database [14], the US Medicare database [16] and the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink database [50], were explored. For the Medicare and Clinical Practice Research Datalink database, no effectiveness data of 60-year-olds was available. PHN, post-herpetic neuralgia; QALY, quality-adjusted life year; ZVL, zoster vaccine live