From: Mortality after inpatient treatment for diarrhea in children: a cohort study
Deaths (N = 49)a | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude HR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted HR | 95% CI | P value | ||
Demographic features | |||||||
Age (months) | – | 1.00 | 0.97–1.02 | 0.80 | |||
Sex (female) | 22 (45) | 1.12 | 0.64–1.96 | 0.70 | |||
Prior hospital admission | 20 (41) | 4.71 | 2.66–8.32 | < 0.001 | 3.11 | 1.57–6.17 | 0.001 |
Clinical features | |||||||
Persistent diarrhea | 3 (6.1) | 3.51 | 1.11–11.13 | 0.03 | |||
Bloody diarrhea | 1 (2.0) | 0.90 | 0.12–6.46 | 0.92 | |||
Dehydration status | |||||||
No dehydration | 16 (33) | 1.0 | Reference | ||||
Some dehydration | 9 (18) | 0.90 | 0.40–2.04 | 0.80 | |||
Severe dehydration | 24 (49) | 1.92 | 1.02–3.61 | 0.04 | |||
Tachypneab | 18 (37) | 1.50 | 0.83–2.68 | 0.18 | |||
Tachycardiac | 19 (39) | 0.95 | 0.53–1.68 | 0.85 | |||
Lower chest wall indrawing | 16 (33) | 2.90 | 1.59–5.26 | < 0.001 | 2.00 | 1.03–3.79 | 0.04 |
Hypoxia (SaO2 < 90%) | 2 (4.1) | 2.03 | 0.49–8.34 | 0.33 | |||
Capillary refill > 2 s | 6 (12) | 3.16 | 1.35–7.43 | 0.008 | |||
Temperature gradient | 7 (14) | 1.85 | 0.83–4.12 | 0.13 | |||
Weak pulse | 5 (10) | 2.50 | 1.00–6.30 | 0.05 | |||
Impaired consciousnessd | 6 (12) | 2.75 | 1.17–6.45 | 0.02 | |||
Systematic lab test features | |||||||
HIV antibody positive | 18 (37) | 13.76 | 7.60–24.91 | < 0.001 | 5.02 | 2.31–10.92 | < 0.001 |
Bacteremia | 6 (12) | 5.41 | 2.27–12.89 | < 0.001 | 3.69 | 1.64–10.14 | 0.01 |
Malaria slide positive | 3 (6.1) | 1.52 | 0.47–4.93 | 0.48 | |||
Severe anemia (Hb < 5 g/dL) | 6 (12) | 4.20 | 1.78–9.90 | 0.001 | |||
Leucopeniae (WBC < 4 × 109/L) | 1 (2.0) | 4.07 | 0.52–32.09 | 0.18 | |||
Leucocytosis (WBC > 12 × 109/L) | 30 (61) | 1.74 | 0.94–3.23 | 0.08 | |||
Nutritional status | |||||||
Kwashiorkor | 4 (8.2) | 2.21 | 0.80–6.11 | 0.13 | |||
MUAC per centimeter | 0.55 | 0.47–0.64 | < 0.001 | 0.67 | 0.56–0.81 | < 0.001 | |
Height-for-age z score | 0.62 | 0.52–0.73 | < 0.001 | ||||
Model performance | |||||||
AUC (95% CI) | 0.87 (0.81–0.94) | ||||||
AIC | 637.9 |