Fig. 5

CRAMP knockout mice display increased cardiac I/R injury. a, b The infarct size and myocardial apoptosis were measured upon I/R injury of CRAMP^−/− mice as determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining (a, n = 10) and TUNEL staining (b, n = 4). Immunofluorescent staining for α-actinin was used to label cardiomyocytes. c, d The ratio of Bax/Bcl and Caspase-3 cleavage, in addition to the Akt, ERK1/2, and FoxO3a phosphorylation levels, were analyzed by Western blot in both the infarct (c) and border (d) zones of CRAMP^−/− mice I/R hearts (n = 3). All membranes were probed, stripped, and then reprobed for determining the phosphorylation levels of Akt, ERK1/2, and FoxO3a. Scale bar = 20 μm (b). Data were expressed as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001