Table 1 Characteristics (data are expressed as counts (percentages) except when specified otherwise) of 11,732 community-dwelling Chinese older people at baseline by cohort
From: Cognitive decline and mortality among community-dwelling Chinese older people
|  | 2002 cohort (n = 6626) | 2008 cohort (n = 5106) | Total (n = 11,732) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years, mean (standard deviation) | 81.7 (10.9) | 83.6 (11.8) | 82.5 (11.3) |
Age group | |||
 65–79 years | 3009 (45.4) | 1808 (35.4) | 4817 (41.1) |
 ≥ 80 years | 3617 (54.6) | 3298 (64.6) | 6915 (58.9) |
Male | 2999 (45.3) | 2265 (44.4) | 5264 (44.9) |
No schooling | 3857 (58.2) | 3052 (59.8) | 6909 (58.9) |
White-collar workers | 1536 (23.2) | 951 (18.6) | 2487 (21.2) |
Urban residents | 2695 (40.7) | 1783 (34.9) | 4478 (38.2) |
Married | 2771 (41.8) | 2150 (42.1) | 4921 (41.9) |
Living with family members | 5509 (83.1) | 4235 (82.9) | 9744 (83.1) |
Smoking status | |||
 Never | 4213 (63.6) | 3373 (66.1) | 7586 (64.7) |
 Past | 963 (14.5) | 697 (13.7) | 1660 (14.1) |
 Current | 1437 (21.7) | 1033 (20.2) | 2470 (21.1) |
Current alcohol consumption | 1549 (23.4) | 1011 (19.8) | 2560 (21.8) |
Currently exercises | 2403 (36.3) | 1555 (30.5) | 3958 (33.7) |
Hypertension | 1003 (15.1) | 1043 (20.4) | 2046 (17.4) |
Diabetes | 114 (1.7) | 137 (2.7) | 251 (2.1) |
Heart disease | 558 (8.4) | 408 (8.0) | 966 (8.2) |
Cerebrovascular disease | 272 (4.1) | 253 (5.0) | 525 (4.5) |
Respiratory disease | 794 (12.0) | 464 (9.1) | 1258 (10.7) |
Body mass index | |||
 Underweight (< 18.5) | 2683 (40.5) | 1733 (33.9) | 4416 (37.6) |
 Normal (18.5–23.9) | 3017 (45.5) | 2379 (46.6) | 5396 (46.0) |
 Overweight (24–27.9) | 634 (9.6) | 622 (12.2) | 1256 (10.7) |
 Obese (≥ 28) | 204 (3.1) | 245 (4.8) | 449 (3.8) |
Psychological distress | |||
 1st quartile | 1205 (18.2) | 884 (17.3) | 2089 (17.8) |
 2st quartile | 1870 (28.2) | 1419 (27.8) | 3289 (28.0) |
 3st quartile | 1804 (27.2) | 1295 (25.4) | 3099 (26.4) |
 4st quartile | 1358 (20.5) | 985 (19.3) | 2343 (20.0) |
Baseline MMSE score, points†| 27 [23, 29] | 27 [21, 29] | 27 [22, 29] |
Baseline cognitive impairment‡ | 1740 (26.3) | 1680 (32.9) | 3420 (29.2) |
Final MMSE score, points†,§ | 26 [19, 29] | 26 [18, 29] | 26 [19, 29] |
Final cognitive impairment‡ | 2414 (36.4) | 1979 (38.8) | 4393 (37.4) |
Rate of change in MMSE score, points/year†,¶ | 0.3 [− 0.3, 1.7] | 0.0 [− 0.7, 1.4] | 0.0 [− 0.6, 1.6] |
Cognitive decline# | |||
 Improvement | 2197 (33.2) | 1909 (37.4) | 4106 (35.0) |
 Stable | 1094 (16.5) | 790 (15.5) | 1884 (16.1) |
 Slow decline | 1631 (24.6) | 1196 (23.4) | 2827 (24.1) |
 Rapid decline | 1704 (25.7) | 1211 (23.7) | 2915 (24.8) |
Vital status | |||
 Survived | 4144 (62.5) | 3335 (65.3) | 7479 (63.7) |
 Deceased | 2482 (37.5) | 1771 (34.7) | 4253 (36.3) |
Duration of follow-up, years†| |||
 Survived | 3.17 [3.08, 3.25] | 2.75 [2.50, 2.83] | 3.08 [2.75, 3.17] |
 Deceased | 1.58 [1.00, 2.33] | 1.33 [0.75, 2.00] | 1.50 [0.92, 2.25] |