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Table 4 Type of long-term conditions and all-cause, cancer and vascular mortality over 7-year median follow-up: Cox’s regression analysis

From: Relationship between multimorbidity, demographic factors and mortality: findings from the UK Biobank cohort

Type of LTCs

N = 500,769. Adjusted analyses* (missing values n = 12,045; 2.4%)

Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for All-cause mortality

Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for cancer mortality

Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for vascular mortality

No cardiometabolic conditions

1

1

1

 1 LTC-cardiometabolic

1.19 (1.15–1.24)

1.04 (0.99–1.10)

1.79 (1.63–1.96)

 2 LTC-cardiometabolic

1.67 (1.58–1.77)

1.15 (1.06–1.24)

3.42 (3.06–3.82)

 3 LTC-cardiometabolic

2.52 (2.31–2.76)

1.23 (1.05–1.44)

7.31 (6.32–8.46)

 ≥ 4 LTC-cardiometabolic

3.20 (2.56–4.00)

1.67 (1.12–2.51)

8.20 (5.81–11.58)

No previous cancer

1

1

1

Presence history of Cancer

2.83 (2.71–2.95)

4.26 (4.06–4.47)

0.99 (0.87–1.13)

No non-cardiometabolic condition

1

1

1

 1 LTC (excluding cancer and cardiometabolic)

1.08 (1.04–1.12)

0.99 (0.95–1.04)

1.02 (0.94–1.11)

 2 LTCs (excluding cancer and cardiometabolic)

1.16 (1.10–1.22)

0.98 (0.92–1.05)

1.15 (1.03–1.29)

 3 LTCs (excluding cancer and cardiometabolic)

1.25 (1.16–1.35)

0.96 (0.86–1.07)

1.29 (1.10–1.52)

 4 LTCs (excluding cancer and cardiometabolic)

1.50 (1.36–1.67)

0.89 (0.75–1.05)

1.62 (1.31–1.99)

  1. Age as the time scale. LTC long-term conditions, cardiometabolic conditions hypertension, coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, heart failure, stroke or transient ischaemic attack. *Adjusted for sex, socioeconomic status based on Townsend score, smoking status, alcohol status, body mass index and physical activity levels reported at baseline