| Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | P trend | Continuousa |
P
b
|
---|
UPF, range | 0%–10% | 10%–14% | 14%–19% | 19%–76% | | | |
UPF, median (IQR) | 7% (3%) | 12% (2%) | 16% (2%) | 23% (8%) | | | |
n
| 6682 | 6683 | 6683 | 6682 | | 26,730 | |
Number of cases | 491 | 459 | 557 | 714 | | 2221 | |
Person years | 21,597 | 21,097 | 20,468 | 19,918 | | 83,080 | |
Model 1c | 1 (ref) | 0.90 (0.79; 1.02) | 1.07 (0.94; 1.21) | 1.31 (1.16; 1.47) | < 0.0001 | 1.23 (1.17; 1.29) | < 0.0001 |
Model 2d | 1 (ref) | 0.91 (0.80; 1.04) | 1.09 (0.96; 1.23) | 1.30 (1.15; 1.47) | < 0.0001 | 1.21 (1.15; 1.27) | < 0.0001 |
Model 3e | 1 (ref) | 0.91 (0.80; 1.04) | 1.08 (0.95; 1.23) | 1.29 (1.13; 1.47) | < 0.0001 | 1.22 (1.16; 1.29) | < 0.0001 |
Model 4f | 1 (ref) | 0.92 (0.81; 1.04) | 1.09 (0.97; 1.24) | 1.31 (1.16; 1.48) | < 0.0001 | 1.21 (1.15; 1.27) | < 0.0001 |
Model 5g | 1 (ref) | 0.88 (0.77; 1.00) | 1.00 (0.88; 1.13) | 1.13 (1.00; 1.28) | 0.01 | 1.14 (1.09; 1.20) | < 0.0001 |
Model 6h | 1 (ref) | 0.88 (0.78; 1.00) | 1.06 (0.94; 1.20) | 1.27 (1.13; 1.44) | < 0.0001 | 1.21 (1.15; 1.27) | < 0.0001 |
Model 7i | 1 (ref) | 0.86 (0.76; 0.98) | 1.00 (0.88; 1.13) | 1.13 (1.00; 1.28) | 0.01 | 1.15 (1.09; 1.21) | < 0.0001 |
- Values are hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals).CDS Cognitive Difficulties Scale; CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; IQR interquartile range; UPF proportion of ultra-processed food intake
- aHazard ratios for 10% increase in the proportion of ultra-processed food intake
- bP for continuous variable
- cAdjusted for age, sex, and body mass index
- dAdjusted for all variables in model 1 + marital status, educational level, occupational categories, household income per consumption unit, residential area, number of 24-h dietary records, inclusion month, energy intake without alcohol, alcohol intake, smoking status, and physical activity (main model)
- eAdjusted for all variables in model 2 + dietary patterns derived from the factor analysis (‘Healthy’ and ‘Western’ dietary pattern) and intakes of lipids, sodium, and carbohydrates
- fAdjusted for all variables in model 2 + health events during follow-up (cancer, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular events)
- gAdjusted for all variables in model 2 + use of antidepressants during follow-up and baseline CES-D score
- hAdjusted for all variables in model 2 + CDS score
- iAdjusted for all variables in model 2 + use of antidepressants during follow-up, baseline CES-D score, and CDS score