| |
Quartile 1
|
Quartile 2
|
Quartile 3
|
Quartile 4
|
P trend
|
Continuousa
|
P
b
|
|---|
|
UPF, range
|
0%–10%
|
10%–14%
|
14%–19%
|
19%–76%
| | | |
|
UPF, median (IQR)
|
7% (3%)
|
12% (2%)
|
16% (2%)
|
23% (8%)
| | | |
|
n
|
6682
|
6683
|
6683
|
6682
| |
26,730
| |
|
Number of cases
|
491
|
459
|
557
|
714
| |
2221
| |
|
Person years
|
21,597
|
21,097
|
20,468
|
19,918
| |
83,080
| |
|
Model 1c
|
1 (ref)
|
0.90 (0.79; 1.02)
|
1.07 (0.94; 1.21)
|
1.31 (1.16; 1.47)
|
< 0.0001
|
1.23 (1.17; 1.29)
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Model 2d
|
1 (ref)
|
0.91 (0.80; 1.04)
|
1.09 (0.96; 1.23)
|
1.30 (1.15; 1.47)
|
< 0.0001
|
1.21 (1.15; 1.27)
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Model 3e
|
1 (ref)
|
0.91 (0.80; 1.04)
|
1.08 (0.95; 1.23)
|
1.29 (1.13; 1.47)
|
< 0.0001
|
1.22 (1.16; 1.29)
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Model 4f
|
1 (ref)
|
0.92 (0.81; 1.04)
|
1.09 (0.97; 1.24)
|
1.31 (1.16; 1.48)
|
< 0.0001
|
1.21 (1.15; 1.27)
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Model 5g
|
1 (ref)
|
0.88 (0.77; 1.00)
|
1.00 (0.88; 1.13)
|
1.13 (1.00; 1.28)
|
0.01
|
1.14 (1.09; 1.20)
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Model 6h
|
1 (ref)
|
0.88 (0.78; 1.00)
|
1.06 (0.94; 1.20)
|
1.27 (1.13; 1.44)
|
< 0.0001
|
1.21 (1.15; 1.27)
|
< 0.0001
|
|
Model 7i
|
1 (ref)
|
0.86 (0.76; 0.98)
|
1.00 (0.88; 1.13)
|
1.13 (1.00; 1.28)
|
0.01
|
1.15 (1.09; 1.21)
|
< 0.0001
|
- Values are hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals).CDS Cognitive Difficulties Scale; CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; IQR interquartile range; UPF proportion of ultra-processed food intake
- aHazard ratios for 10% increase in the proportion of ultra-processed food intake
- bP for continuous variable
- cAdjusted for age, sex, and body mass index
- dAdjusted for all variables in model 1 + marital status, educational level, occupational categories, household income per consumption unit, residential area, number of 24-h dietary records, inclusion month, energy intake without alcohol, alcohol intake, smoking status, and physical activity (main model)
- eAdjusted for all variables in model 2 + dietary patterns derived from the factor analysis (‘Healthy’ and ‘Western’ dietary pattern) and intakes of lipids, sodium, and carbohydrates
- fAdjusted for all variables in model 2 + health events during follow-up (cancer, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular events)
- gAdjusted for all variables in model 2 + use of antidepressants during follow-up and baseline CES-D score
- hAdjusted for all variables in model 2 + CDS score
- iAdjusted for all variables in model 2 + use of antidepressants during follow-up, baseline CES-D score, and CDS score
