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Table 1 Distribution of selected studies according to study characteristics.

From: Population-level mathematical modeling of antimicrobial resistance: a systematic review

 

TOTAL

MRSA

TB

HIV

Influenza

Malaria

Host type

(n = 273)

(n = 65)

(n = 43)

(n = 34)

(n = 30)

(n = 22)

 Human

233 (89%)

62 (95%)

43 (100%)

34 (100%)

28 (93%)

21 (95%)

 Animal

18 (7%)

2 (3%)

–

–

2 (7%)

1 (5%)

 Human-animal

7 (2%)

1 (2%)

–

–

–

–

 Plant

5 (2%)

–

–

–

–

–

Population type

 Community (endemic)

154 (58%)

7 (11%)

40 (93%)

34 (100%)

25 (83%)

21 (95%)

 Healthcare facility

71 (27%)

49 (75%)

1 (2%)

–

–

–

 Community-healthcare facility

11 (4%)

5 (8%)

2 (5%)

–

1 (3.5%)

–

 Agricultural-farming

20 (8%)

1 (1.5%)

–

–

1 (3.5%)

–

 Other

8 (3%)

3 (4.5%)

–

–

3(10%)

1 (5%)

Model parameters

 Referenced data

191 (72%)

34 (52%)

38 (88%)

32 (94%)

29 (97%)

17 (77%)

 Primary data

73 (28%)

31 (48%)

5 (12%)

2 (6%)

1 (3%)

5 (23%)

Model type

 Deterministic

175 (66%)

30 (46%)

36 (84%)

23 (70%)

18 (60%)

18 (82%)

 Stochastic

57 (22%)

30 (46%)

6 (14%)

5 (12%)

3 (10%)

2 (9%)

 Both (D and S)

25 (9%)

5 (8%)

1 (2%)

4 (12%)

8 (27%)

1 (5%)

 Hybrid

7 (3%)

–

–

2 (6%)

1 (3%)

1 (5%)

Model class

 Compartmental

201 (76%)

34 (52%)

37 (86%)

27 (79%)

26 (87%)

19 (86%)

 Individual-based

33 (12%)

19 (29%)

3 (7%)

4 (12%)

1 (3%)

1 (5%)

 Both

7 (3%)

1 (2%)

–

2 (6%)

1 (3%)

1 (5%)

 Other

23 (9%)

11 (17%)

3 (7%)

1 (3%)

2 (7%)

1 (5%)

Model features

 Multi-strain model

190 (72%)

23 (35%)

42 (98%)

32 (94%)

29 (97%)

17 (77%)

 Co-infection of hosts

22 (8%)

5 (8%)

9 (21%)

5 (15%)

3 (10%)

3 (14%)

 Fitness cost modeled

132 (50%)

15 (23%)

32 (74%)

20 (59%)

25 (83%)

13 (59%)

 Acquired and transmitted resistance

89 (34%)

1 (2%)

26 (60%)

28 (82%)

20 (67%)

5 (23%)

 Within-host model

17 (6%)

1 (2%)

3 (7%)

2 (6%)

1 (3%)

4 (18%)

 Population stratification

48 (18%)

4 (6%)

11 (26)

18 (53%)

3 (10%)

4 (18%)

Model rigor

 Calibration

115 (43%)

33 (51%)

26 (60%)

16 (47%)

4 (13%)

3 (14%)

 Validation

36 (14%)

10 (15%)

11 (26%)

5 (15%)

0 (0%)

1 (5%)

 Sensitivity analyses

159 (60%)

36 (55%)

32 (74%)

25 (74%)

16 (53%)

14 (64%)

Economics

 Cost/benefit analysis

23 (9%)

8 (12%)

6 (14%)

6 (18%)

1 (3%)

3 (14%)