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Table 3 Characteristics of AMR-specific interventions reviewed

From: Population-level mathematical modeling of antimicrobial resistance: a systematic review

Resistance target

 Acquired

20 (17%)

 Transmitted

82 (70%)

 Both

15 (13%)

Intervention scale

 Micro

85 (73%)

 Macro

32 (27%)

 Both

0

Recommended strategies to combat AMR

 1. Education or awareness campaigns

3 (3%)

 2. Improved hygiene and Infection Control

59 (50%)

 3. Reduction in use of antimicrobials

16 (14%)

 4. Improved surveillance of resistance

32 (27%)

 5. Improved and rapid diagnostics

10 (9%)

 6. Vaccines and alternatives

11 (9%)

 7. Changes to drug regimens

46 (39%)

  1. We categorized the interventions from 117 studies that were specifically aimed at blocking AMR based on whether the interventions targeted acquired or transmitted resistance, the scale of interventions, and the type of intervention strategy modeled, motivated by the categories identified in a seminal report [18]. It should be noted that several models investigated the effects of more than one intervention; therefore, the sum of total strategies evaluated (n = 177) exceeds the total number of studies evaluated (n = 117).