|
Factor
|
Intervention group
|
Control group
|
Crude difference in rate change (95% CI)
|
Intervention effecta
|
|---|
|
Baseline (n = 1060)
|
Post-intervention (n = 1036)
|
Diff.
|
Baseline (n = 1078)
|
Post-intervention (n = 1000)
|
Diff.
| |
Adjusted absolute risk difference (95% CI)
|
Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Unnecessary caesarean
|
18.96 (201/1060)
|
6.56 (68/1036)
|
− 12.40
|
18.27 (197/1078)
|
23.30 (233/1000)
|
5.03
|
− 12.80 (− 16.61 to − 9.08)
|
− 17.02 (− 19.20 to − 13.20)
|
0.22 (0.14 to 0.34)
|
0.000
|
|
Foetal distress
|
28.1 (96/342)
|
5.1 (11/215)
|
− 22.96
|
30.5 (100/328)
|
46.9 (108/230)
|
16.4
|
− 39.4 (− 45.6 to − 7.7)
|
− 39.6 (− 44.4 to − 30.0)
|
0.09 (0.03 to 0.23)
|
0.000
|
|
Labour dystocia
|
21.8 (55/252)
|
11.6 (49/420)
|
− 10.16
|
20.3 (52/256)
|
32.0 (113/353)
|
11.7
|
− 21.8 (− 22.4 to − 4.·7)
|
− 17·2 (− 23.4 to − 8.0)
|
0.37 (0.20 to 0.67)
|
0.001
|
|
Previous caesarean
|
18.0 (40/222)
|
5.4 (08/147)
|
− 12.57
|
18.5 (29/156)
|
7.1 (12/155)
|
− 11.4
|
− 1.2 (− 3.4 to 0.40)
|
− 3.9 (− 6.9 to 6.9)
|
0.47 (0.10 to 2.05)
|
0.316
|
|
Pre-eclampsia
|
14.1 (10/71)
|
0 (0/31)
|
− 14.07
|
25.8 (16/62)
|
0 (0/50)
|
− 25.8
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
- Data are the numbers of women per 100 caesarean sections (percentages of unnecessary caesarean section among all caesareans performed) by group allocation and period
- aEstimation of the intervention effect is adjusted for the place of residence, spouse’s occupation, woman’s occupation, patient’s education level, spouse’s education level, antenatal care attendance, maternal age, referral from another healthcare facility, time of caesarean indication, hospital type, availability of partograph, qualifications of caesarean decision-maker, 24-h on-site presence of staff performing anaesthesia and 24-h presence on-site of laboratory tests
