Table 1 Characteristics of the study population
Men (N = 19,924) | Women (N = 23,029) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Single respondersa | DZ twinsb | MZ twins | Single respondersa | DZ twinsb | MZ twins | |
Number of participantsc | 15,473 | 5266 | 3636 | 17,321 | 6546 | 4870 |
Age at baseline, mean (SD) | 58.7 (10.6) | 57.4 (9.6) | 56.9 (9.2) | 59.6 (11.2) | 58.5 (10.3) | 57.8 (10.2) |
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 25.5 (3.1) | 25.6 (3.1) | 25.5 (3) | 24.6 (3.7) | 24.5 (3.7) | 24.4 (3.8) |
Education (year), mean (SD) | 10.4 (3.2) | 10.6 (3.2) | 10.8 (3.2) | 10.4 (3.2) | 10.5 (3.2) | 10.8 (3.2) |
Tobacco products used, % | 64.3 | 63.1 | 59.5 | 53.9 | 54.3 | 52.5 |
FI, median (IQR) | 0.097 (0.102) | 0.094 (0.097) | 0.091 (0.097) | 0.125 (0.125) | 0.119 (0.125) | 0.119 (0.119) |
History of diseases at baseline, % | ||||||
CVD | 35.5 | 34.0 | 31.5 | 37.4 | 35.6 | 34.8 |
Respiratory disease | 9.6 | 8.2 | 9.6 | 11.9 | 10.8 | 11.7 |
Cancer | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 9.3 |
Time to follow-up, median (IQR) | ||||||
All-cause mortality | 16.7 (2.8) | 16.9 (2.4) | 16.9 (2.3) | 16.9 (2.6) | 17.0 (2.5) | 17.1 (2.4) |
Cause-specific mortality | 14.0 (2.5) | 14.1 (2.3) | 14.1 (2.3) | 14.2 (2.5) | 14.3 (2.2) | 14.3 (2.3) |
Death during the follow-up, % | ||||||
All causes | 31.3 | 26.0 | 23.4 | 28.3 | 25.0 | 22.1 |
CVD | 8.9 | 7.0 | 5.7 | 7.4 | 6.1 | 4.8 |
Respiratory-related causes | 2.7 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 1.7 |
Cancer | 9.0 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 5.9 |