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Table 3 HIV prevalence in FSWs in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), as reported in studies using non-probability sampling

From: HIV epidemiology among female sex workers and their clients in the Middle East and North Africa: systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions

Country

Author, year [citation]

Year(s) of data collection

City/province

Study site

Sampling

Population

Sample size

HIV prevalence*

%

95% CI

Afghanistan

Todd, 2010 [83]

2006–2008

Jalalabad, Kabul, and Mazar-i-Sharif

Community and NGO

Conv

FSWs

520

0.2

0.01–1.1

Djibouti

Rodier, 1993 [84]

1987

Djibouti

STI clinic

Conv

Street-based FSWs

66

4.6

NR

Rodier, 1993 [84]

1987

Djibouti

STI clinic

Conv

Bar hostesses

221

1.4

NR

Constantine, 1992 [52]

1988

Djibouti

NR

Conv

FSWs

33

18.2

NR

Rodier, 1993 [84]

1988

Djibouti

STI clinic

Conv

Street-based FSWs

78

9.0

NR

Rodier, 1993 [84]

1988

Djibouti

STI clinic

Conv

Bar hostesses

255

2.7

NR

Rodier, 1993 [84]

1990

Djibouti

STI clinic

Conv

Street-based FSWs

116

41.7

NR

Rodier, 1993 [84]

1990

Djibouti

STI clinic

Conv

Bar hostesses

180

5.0

NR

Couzineau, 1991 [85]

1991

Djibouti

STI clinic

Conv

Street-based FSWs

300

43

NR

Couzineau, 1991 [85]

1991

Djibouti

STI clinic

Conv

Bar girls

397

13.1

NR

Rodier, 1993 [84]

1991

Djibouti

STI clinic and residences

Conv

Street-based FSWs

292

36.0

NR

Rodier, 1993 [84]

1991

Djibouti

STI clinic and residences

Conv

Bar hostesses

360

15.3

NR

Philippon, 1997 [86]

1995

Djibouti

STI clinic

Conv

Street-based FSWs

176

49

NR

Marcelin, 2002 [87]

1998–1999

Djibouti

STI clinics

Conv

Street-based FSWs

43

70

NR

Marcelin, 2002 [87]

1998–1999

Djibouti

STI clinics

Conv

FSWs working in luxury bars

123

7

NR

Egypt

Sheba, 1988 [88]

1986–1987

Multiple cities

NR

Conv

FSWs

87

0

NR

Watts, 1993 [89]

1986–1990

Urban areas

Medical facilities

Conv

FSWs

349

0

NR

Kabbash, 2012 [90]

2009–2010

Greater Cairo

Community

Conv

FSWs

431

0

NR

Iran

Jahani, 2005 [91]

2002

NR

Detainment center/prison

Conv

FSWs detained by the police

149

0

NR

Kassaian, 2012 [92]

2009–2010

Isfahan

Prison, drop-in centers, and community

Conv

FSWs

91

0

NR

Taghizadeh, 2015 [93]

2014

Sari, Mazandaran

Drop-in center

Conv

FSWs at a drop-in center

184

4

NR

Asadi-Ali, 2018 [94]

2015

Northern Iran

Counseling center, drop-in center, and community

Conv

FSWs

133

1.5

NR

Lebanon

Naman, 1989 [95]

1985–1987

NR

NR

Conv

FSWs

291

0.3

NR

Morocco

MOH, 2008 [96]

2007

Agadir, Rabat/Sale, Tanger

NGO clinic

Conv

FSWs presenting for consultation

141

1.4

0.1–2.5

Pakistan

Iqbal, 1996 [97]

1987–1994

Lahore

Hospital

Conv

FSWs

21

0

NR

Baqi, 1998 [98]

1993–1994

Karachi

VCT

Conv

FSWs in red-light district

77

0

NR

Anwar, 1998 [99]

NR

Lahore

NR

NR

FSWs

103

1.9

NR

Bokhari, 2007 [68]

2004

Karachi

Community

Snowball

FSWs in red-light district

421

0

NR

Shah, 2004 [100]

2004

Hyderabad

Community

Conv

FSWs

157

0

NR

Shah, 2004 [101]

2004

Sindh

Sentinel surveillance

Conv

FSWs

163

1.2

NR

Akhtar, 2008 [102]

2007

Faisalabad

Community

NR

FSWs

246

0

NR

Raza, 2015 [103]

2014

Rawalpindi

Clinics

Conv

FSWs

NR

0

NR

Somalia

Jama, 1987 [104]

1985–1986

Mogadishu

Camp

Conv

FSWs attending health education program

85

0

NR

Burans, 1990 [105]

NR

Mogadishu

NR

Conv

FSWs

89

0

NR

Scott, 1991 [106]

1989

Merka, Kismayu

NR

Conv

FSWs

57

0

NR

Corwin, 1991 [107]

1990

Chismayu, Merca, Mogadishu

NR

Conv

FSWs

302

3

NR

Jama Ahmed, 1991 [51]

1991

Mogadishu

PHC

Conv

FSWs

155

0.6

NR

Sudan

Burans, 1990 [108]

1987

Port Sudan

NR

Conv

FSWs

203

0

NR

McCarthy, 1995 [109]

NR

Juba, South Sudan

NR

Conv

FSWs

50

16

NR

Tunisia

Bchir, 1988 [110]

1987

Sousse

NR

Conv

FSWs

42

0

NR

Hassen, 2003 [111]

NR

Sousse

PHC

Conv

Legal FSWs

51

0

NR

Znazen, 2010 [112]

2007

Tunis, Sousse, and Gabes

Medical facilities

Conv

Legal FSWs undergoing routine testing

183

0

NR

  1. The table is sorted by year(s) of data collection or year of publication if the year of data collection was not reported
  2. Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, Conv convenience, FSWs female sex workers, MOH Ministry of Health, NGO non-governmental organization, NR not reported, PHC primary healthcare centers, STI sexually transmitted infection, VCT voluntary counseling and testing
  3. *The decimal places of the prevalence figures are as reported in the original reports, but prevalence figures with more than one decimal places were rounded to one decimal place, with the exception of those below 0.1%. Most studies did not report the 95% CIs associated with prevalence