|
Rural place of residence
|
1.45 (0.85–2.47)
|
1.40 (0.82–2.39)
|
1.50 (0.85–2.65)
|
1.56 (0.89–2.74)
|
1.43 (0.79–2.56)
|
|
Boy baby
|
1.29 (1.01–1.63)
|
1.27 (1.00–1.62)
|
1.37 (1.07–1.77)
|
1.35 (1.05–1.73)
|
1.32 (1.02–1.71)
|
|
Wealth index quartile
|
|
I
|
1.41 (0.98–2.05)
|
1.50 (1.02–2.18)
|
2.02 (1.35–3.02)
|
1.86 (1.25–2.77)
|
2.01 (1.31–3.07)
|
|
II
|
1.85 (1.30–2.64)
|
1.89 (1.32–2.71)
|
2.30 (1.56–3.37)
|
2.23 (1.53–3.25)
|
2.41 (1.61–3.60)
|
|
III
|
1.28 (0.88–1.87)
|
1.31 (0.90–1.93)
|
1.45 (0.97–2.16)
|
1.33 (0.89–1.99)
|
1.46 (0.96–2.22)
|
|
IV
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Maternal age
|
|
15–19 years
| |
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
| |
|
20–24 years
| |
0.81 (0.50–1.33)
|
0.81 (0.49–1.35)
|
0.94 (0.56–1.60)‡
| |
|
25–29 years
| |
0.64 (0.37–1.11)
|
0.69 (0.39–1.21)
|
0.79 (0.45–1.41)‡
| |
|
≥ 30 years
| |
0.81 (0.45–1.46)
|
0.76 (0.41–1.40)
|
0.81 (0.43–1.53)‡
| |
|
Any tobacco use ever
| |
1.75 (0.99–3.10)
|
1.73 (0.95–3.14)
|
1.79 (0.99–3.26)
|
1.64 (0.90–2.99)
|
|
Primiparity
| |
1.37 (1.01–1.86)
|
1.41 (1.02–1.96)
|
1.43 (1.03–1.98)
|
1.44 (1.07–1.93)
|
|
Maternal history of high blood pressure irrespective of pregnancy
| |
1.28 (0.57–2.90)‡
| | | |
|
No maternal antenatal care visit during pregnancy
| | |
1.00 (0.71–1.39)‡
| | |
|
Mother did not receive 2 tetanus toxoid injections during pregnancy
| | |
1.52 (1.13–2.05)
|
1.49 (1.11–2.00)
|
1.54 (1.14–2.09)
|
|
Mother did not consume iron folic acid tablets during pregnancy
| | |
0.99 (0.76–1.28)‡
| | |
|
Pregnancy with multiple foetuses
| | |
2.92 (1.72–4.95)
|
3.33 (1.96–5.64)
|
2.31 (1.30–4.11)
|
|
Maternal hypertension in the last trimester of pregnancy
| | |
2.00 (1.06–3.77)
|
1.82 (0.99–3.36)
|
1.34 (0.68–2.66)
|
|
Mother had malaria in the last trimester of pregnancy
| | |
0.66 (0.23–1.90)‡
| | |
|
Diagnosed with syphilis during pregnancy
|
|
No
| | |
1.00
| | |
|
Yes
| | |
1.43 (0.19–10.66)‡
| | |
|
Do not know
| | |
1.06 (0.63–1.80)‡
| | |
|
Mother had a fever in the last 3 months of pregnancy
| | |
0.57 (0.39–0.85)
|
0.56 (0.38–0.83)
|
0.49 (0.32–0.74)
|
|
Mother had convulsions in the last 3 months of pregnancy
| | |
0.94 (0.64–1.38)‡
| | |
|
Mother is informed the baby was not growing adequately inside the womb
| | |
1.44 (0.81–2.54‡)
| | |
|
Gestation period
|
|
≤ 8 months
| | |
16.74 (12.26–22.86)
|
17.03 (12.50–23.20)
|
16.52 (11.93–22.88)
|
|
> 8 months
| | |
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Deferred delivery
| | | |
0.84 (0.25–2.83)‡
| |
|
Spontaneous labour
| | | |
1.30 (0.99–1.71)
|
1.38 (1.03–1.84)
|
|
Foul-smelling liquor
| | | |
1.46 (0.88–2.42)
|
1.12 (0.64–1.96)
|
|
Labour for more than 12 h
| | | |
1.07 (0.76–1.51)‡
| |
|
Place of delivery
|
|
Public facility
| | | | |
1.00
|
|
Private facility
| | | | |
1.88 (1.31–2.70)
|
|
Home
| | | | |
1.39 (1.02–1.90)
|
|
Vaginal delivery
| | | | |
1.26 (0.79–2.00)
|
|
Push/pull done during delivery by the health provider
| | | | |
2.88 (1.93–4.32)
|
|
Entangled cord around the baby’s neck
|
|
No
| | | | |
1.00
|
|
Yes
| | | | |
2.02 (1.23–3.34)
|
|
Do not know
| | | | |
0.60 (0.34–1.07)
|
|
Breech presentation of the baby
| | | | |
2.70 (1.72–4.25)
|
|
Antiseptic cord care
|
|
Yes
| | | | |
1.00
|
|
No
| | | | |
2.40 (1.60–3.59)
|
|
Do not know
| | | | |
3.85 (2.44–6.10)
|
