|
Rural place of residence
|
1.64 (0.59–4.56)
|
1.64 (0.59–4.56)
|
1.64 (0.57–4.71)
|
1.74 (0.59–5.17)
|
1.62 (0.57–4.62)
|
1.33 (0.47–3.81)
|
|
Boy baby
|
1.33 (0.88–2.00)
|
1.30 (0.86–1.96)
|
1.47 (0.95–2.27)
|
1.44 (0.93–2.24)
|
1.53 (0.99–2.37)
|
1.31 (0.84–2.05)
|
|
Wealth index quartile
|
|
I
| |
2.49 (1.26–4.92)
|
2.89 (1.38–6.05)
|
3.47 (1.63–7.36)
|
4.08 (1.88–8.87)
|
3.77 (1.73–8.23)
|
|
II
| |
1.92 (0.94–3.88)
|
2.47 (1.17–5.22)
|
2.89 (1.34–6.20)
|
3.31 (1.51–7.23)
|
2.88 (1.32–6.29)
|
|
III
| |
2.00 (1.00–4.03)
|
2.48 (1.20–5.13)
|
2.47 (1.15–5.31)
|
2.63 (1.22–5.67)
|
2.93 (1.37–6.26)
|
|
IV
| |
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Maternal age
|
|
15–19 years
| |
1.00
| | | | |
|
20–24 years
| |
1.13 (0.39–3.24)‡
| | | | |
|
25–29 years
| |
0.92 (0.30–2.82)‡
| | | | |
|
≥ 30 years
| |
1.39 (0.43–4.47)‡
| | | | |
|
Any tobacco use ever
| |
0.69 (0.17–2.81)‡
| | | | |
|
Null parity
| |
1.02 (0.58–1.79)‡
| | | | |
|
Maternal history of high blood pressure irrespective of pregnancy
| |
0.64 (0.09–4.62)‡
| | | | |
|
No maternal antenatal care visit during pregnancy
| | |
1.22 (0.71–2.09)‡
| | | |
|
Mother did not receive 2 tetanus toxoid injections during pregnancy
| | |
1.29 (0.78–2.15)‡
| | | |
|
Mother did not consume iron folic acid tablets during pregnancy
| | |
0.96 (0.61–1.49)‡
| | | |
|
Pregnancy with multiple foetuses
| | |
9.88 (5.41–18.03)
|
11.89 (6.63–21.34)
|
10.57 (5.86–19.07)
|
11.77 (6.43–21.53)
|
|
Maternal hypertension in the last trimester of pregnancy
| | |
1.43 (0.42–4.93)‡
| | | |
|
Mother had malaria in the last trimester of pregnancy
| | |
0.35 (0.05–2.70)‡
| | | |
|
Diagnosed with syphilis during pregnancy
|
|
No
| | |
1.00
| | | |
|
Yes
| | |
NA
| | | |
|
Do not know
| | |
1.07 (0.45–2.52)‡
| | | |
|
Mother had a fever in the last 3 months of pregnancy
| | |
0.88 (0.50–1.57)‡
| | | |
|
Mother had convulsions in the last 3 months of pregnancy
| | |
0.61 (0.27–1.37)‡
| | | |
|
Mother is informed the baby was not growing adequately inside the womb
| | |
2.68 (1.22–5.89)
|
2.00 (0.89–4.48)
|
2.06 (0.92–4.58)
|
1.52 (0.68–3.39)
|
|
Gestation period
|
|
8 months or less
| | |
10.76 (5.86–19.78)
|
11.80 (6.45–21.60)
|
10.68 (5.81–19.63)
|
6.15 (3.18–11.87)
|
|
> 8 months
| | |
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Deferred delivery
| | | |
2.20 (0.58–8.31)‡
| | |
|
Spontaneous labour
| | | |
1.24 (0.77–2.01)‡
| | |
|
Foul-smelling liquor
| | | |
1.50 (0.66–3.39)‡
| | |
|
Labour for more than 12 hours
| | | |
0.97 (0.53–1.77)‡
| | |
|
Place of delivery
|
|
Public facility
| | | | |
1.00
|
1.00
|
|
Private facility
| | | | |
1.86 (1.01–3.44)
|
1.38 (0.76–2.52)
|
|
Home
| | | | |
1.14 (0.69–1.87)
|
1.35 (0.79–2.33)
|
|
Vaginal delivery
| | | | |
1.08 (0.48–2.42)‡
| |
|
Push/pull done during delivery by the health provider
| | | | |
0.55 (0.17–1.81)‡
| |
|
Entangled cord around the baby’s neck
|
|
No
| | | | |
1.00
| |
|
Yes
| | | | |
1.06 (0.38–2.98)‡
| |
|
Do not know
| | | | |
1.23 (0.58–2.61)‡
| |
|
Breech presentation of the baby
| | | | |
1.58 (0.68–3.69)‡
| |
|
Antiseptic cord care
|
|
Yes
| | | | |
1.00
| |
|
No
| | | | |
1.31 (0.78–2.21)‡
| |
|
Do not know
| | | | |
1.06 (0.50–2.26)‡
| |
|
Baby put in the incubator
|
|
No
| | | | | |
1.00
|
|
Yes
| | | | | |
2.72 (1.49–4.96)
|
|
Baby received delayed bathing, skin-to-skin care, and immediate breastfeeding
| | | | | |
1.02 (0.46–2.27)
|
|
Received postnatal care within 1 week of birth
| | | | | |
1.43 (0.85–2.42)
|
|
Illness and treatment in the neonatal period
|
|
No illness
| | | | | |
1.00
|
|
Untreated illness
| | | | | |
5.50 (3.11–9.74)
|
|
Ill and out-patient treatment sought
| | | | | |
2.83 (1.49–5.37)
|
|
Illness that required hospitalization
| | | | | |
12.16 (6.21–23.79)
|
