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Table 2 The mean difference in haemoglobin between patients treated with and without primaquine

From: The haematological consequences of Plasmodium vivax malaria after chloroquine treatment with and without primaquine: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis

 

Day of nadir

Day 7

Day 42

Patient group

Mean difference* (95% CI, g/dL)

p value

Mean difference* (95% CI, g/dL)

p value

Mean difference* (95% CI, g/dL)

p value

Overall (n = 3421†)

− 0.13 (− 0.27, 0.01)

0.072

− 0.34 (− 0.46, − 0.23)

< 0.001

0.49 (0.28, 0.69)

< 0.001

Normal G6PD status (n = 1692)

0.05 (− 0.14, 0.24)

0.577

− 0.23 (− 0.39, − 0.07)

0.004

0.89 (0.53, 1.26)

< 0.001

Unknown G6PD status (n = 1701)

− 0.65 (− 0.82, − 0.47)

< 0.001

− 0.44 (− 0.66, − 0.21)

< 0.001

Not calculable‡

–

Females (n = 1210)

− 0.25 (− 0.43, − 0.07)

0.007

− 0.36 (− 0.54, − 0.18)

< 0.001

0.45 (0.18, 0.72)

0.001

Males (n = 2211)

− 0.11 (− 0.30, 0.08)

0.241

− 0.33 (− 0.48, − 0.18)

< 0.001

0.62 (0.29, 0.94)

< 0.001

  1. CI confidence interval
  2. *The difference in the mean haemoglobin comparing patients treated with or without primaquine. A negative mean difference equates to a lower haemoglobin when treated with chloroquine plus primaquine. Linear mixed effects models with non-linear terms for time were used to derive estimates of mean haemoglobin at day of nadir, day 7 and day 42
  3. †n represents the number of patients who contributed at least one follow-up haemoglobin measurement for the linear mixed effects modelling of the haemoglobin trajectories
  4. ‡no day 42 haemoglobin measurements were available for patients treated with chloroquine plus primaquine