Table 3 Regression of log C-peptide on gender, age at onset, duration, glucose, body mass index and genotypic risk scores for diabetes, excluding those with possible type 2 defined by autoantibody status and C-peptide level

Plasma glucose > 5 mmol/l

0.0066

0.029

0.8

\(\sqrt {\text {age onset}}\)

0.11

0.0083

2e −40

Female gender

−0.074

0.022

0.001

Duration (years)

−0.03

0.00093

2e −206

Type 1 DM risk score

−0.04

0.0088

5e −06

Type 2 DM risk score

0.024

0.0089

0.007

Body mass index (kg/m²)

0.0031

0.0024

0.2

\(\sqrt {\text {age onset}} \times \) gender

−0.079

0.015

1e −07

\(\sqrt {\text {age onset}} \times \) duration

−0.0089

0.00059

2e −51

\(\sqrt {\text {age onset}} \times \) Type 1 score

−0.0087

0.0058

0.1

\(\sqrt {\text {age onset}} \times \) Type 2 score

0.0042

0.0059

0.5

\(\sqrt {\text {age onset}} \times \) BMI

0.0044

0.0017

0.008