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Table 3 WPPSI-III test scores of FASSTT Offspring Trial participants at 7 years

From: Effect of continued folic acid supplementation beyond the first trimester of pregnancy on cognitive performance in the child: a follow-up study from a randomized controlled trial (FASSTT Offspring Trial)

Composite and subtest scores

Placebo (n = 33)

Folic acid (n = 37)

Difference

p value (unadjusted)a

p value (adjusted)b

Verbal IQ

103.4 (99.4, 107.4)

107.7 (103.7, 111.8)

4.3 (− 1.2, 9.9)

0.126

0.120

Information

10.9 (9.9, 11.8)

11.1 (10.3, 12.0)

0.3 (− 1.0, 1.5)

0.648

0.630

Vocabulary

9.6 (8.9, 10.4)

10.3 (9.5, 11.1)

0.7 (− 0.4, 1.8)

0.221

0.262

Word reasoning

11.9 (11.0, 12.8)

13.3 (12.4, 14.2)

1.4 (0.2, 2.6)

0.023

0.027

Performance IQ

100.6 (96.5, 104.6)

104.1 (99.1, 109.1)

3.5 (− 2.9, 9.8)

0.274

0.429

Processing speed

103.9 (98.1, 109.7)

102.5 (97.4, 107.7)

1.4 (− 6.2, 8.9)

0.718

0.712

General language

105.8 (101.1, 110.5)

108.9 (104.5, 113.2)

3.1 (− 3.2, 9.4)

0.334

0.514

Full scale IQ

103.5 (99.3, 107.6)

106.4 (101.7, 111.1)

3.0 (− 3.3, 9.2)

0.348

0.441

  1. Data presented as mean (95% CI)
  2. Test scores assessed by Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence test, 3rd UK edition (WPPSI-III)
  3. Data analyzed by aindependent t test and bANCOVA, with adjustment for maternal age and education attainment [28], child’s sex [29, 30], birth weight [31], and breastfeeding [28]. Results considered significant when p < 0.05