Fig. 6

Inhibitory effect of LIFPT-A⁺ vaccine on the development of atherosclerotic lesion in the aortic arc area of C57BL/I mouse model of diet-induced atherosclerosis. Sixteen weeks after, the prime vaccination of mice on severe atherogenic diet lesion development was determined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. a Representative views of H&E-stained grade I, II, and III lesions of the aortic arc. b Lesion size in vaccinated and control mice was 70.43 ± 14.56 μm and 115.4 ± 7.164 μm, respectively. Lesion size was found to be 39.13% (− 45 ± 16.22 μm, p = 0.016) lower in vaccinated mice than in control mice. Data are expressed as group means ± SD (n = 7 mice per group). Significance compared to control values was analyzed by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. c Intima to media thickness (IMT) in vaccinated and control mice was 0.4 ± 0.09 and 0.9 ± 0.05, respectively. IMT in the vaccine group was significantly decreased by 46% (0.42 ± 0.1, p = 0.003) compared with the control group. Data are expressed as group means ± SD (n = 7 mice per group). Significance compared to control values was analyzed by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. d Lesion grade in vaccinated and control mice was 1 [1, 2] and 3 [2, 3], respectively. Data are expressed as group medians [25% percentile–75% percentile] (n = 7 mice per group). Significance compared to control values was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test