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Table 1 Studies associating severe-acute undernutrition with body composition in children from low and middle-income countries

From: Body composition of children with moderate and severe undernutrition and after treatment: a narrative review

Country [Reference]

Location

Categories of undernutrition

Sample size

Age

BC techniques

Ethiopia [39]

Jimma (urban area)

Oedematous severe-acute undernutrition

Non-oedematous severe-acute undernutrition

Community controls

214

136

120

L (during treatment), 0–14 years at baseline

BIVA

DR Congo [14]

Kabare administrative zone, South Kivu province

MUAC < 115 mm or bilateral pitting oedema

47 controls, 55 cases

L (during treatment), 15 months (range 6–23 months) at baseline

BIVA, D2O

Malawi [16]

Blantyre

Severe-acute undernutrition survivors

Sibling controls

Community controls

352

184

217

L, median 9.3 years at follow-up

(IQR 8–10)

BIVA,

Grip strength

Cambodia [35]

Rural municipalities in Prey Veng province, southeast of Phnom Penh

WHZ < –2

WHZ −2 to −1

WHZ − 1 to 0

WHZ > 0

34

119

169

90

L, measurements at 6 and 15 months

D2O

Turkey [40]

Diyarbakir

‘Severe undernutrition’ assessed by WAZ

74 cases

47 controls

6–52 months

Ultra-sonography

Egypt [41]

Cairo

WAZ < 60%

30 cases

10 controls

6–36 months

Echo-cardiography

Thailand [42]

Chiang Mai

WHZ < 70%

11

10–43 months

Chest radiograph

  1. Abbreviations: BC body composition, BIVA bioelectrical impedance vector analysis, D2O deuterium dilution, DR Democratic Republic, IQR interquartile range, L longitudinal study, MUAC mid-upper arm circumference, WAZ weight-for-age z-score, WHZ weight-for-height z-score