Fig. 4

Simulation results of scenario 1 (no intervention). The top and middle parts show the simulated time-series for the discriminant stimulus, panic, and avoidant coping along with a catastrophizing and the credibility of the catastrophic interpretation and b perceived benefits and costs. The bottom part of the figure (c) shows the three-dimensional phase portrait for panic, avoidant coping, and the credibility of the catastrophic interpretation, where the white box indicates the start and the black box the end of the trajectory