Table 1 Demographic and clinical data of patients with CLD and NC in cohort 1 (training set) and cohort 2 (validation set)

n

502

504

349

155

400

104

90

300

134

166

141

159

Sex (M/F)

365/137

361/143

257/92

104/51

299/101

62/42

59/31

202/98

81/53

121/45*

86/55

116/43*

Age (year)

36.65 ± 11.73

36.58 ± 11.88

33.23 ± 9.95

44.88 ± 12.22***

34.05 ± 10.31

48.65 ± 11.51***

47.13 ± 9.95

47.96 ± 13.28

41.55 ± 12.83

53.14 ± 11.26***

41.21 ± 12.72

53.95 ± 10.67***

BMI (kg/m²)

23.08 ± 3.16

22.28 ± 3.18***

22.02 ± 3.26

22.91 ± 2.91**

22.15 ± 3.22

22.87 ± 2.97*

22.35 ± 1.83

23.18 ± 3.13*

23.28 ± 2.48

23.1 ± 3.61

23.21 ± 2.49

23.15 ± 3.65

APRI

0.09 ± 0.04

0.79 ± 1.33***

0.6 ± 0.81

1.27 ± 2.08***

0.63 ± 0.92

1.55 ± 2.4**

0.65 ± 0.7

0.61 ± 0.78

0.69 ± 0.57**

0.6 ± 0.76

0.72 ± 0.58***

AST/ALT

0.82 ± 0.32

0.69 ± 0.44***

0.6 ± 0.31

0.94 ± 0.59***

0.61 ± 0.33

1.1 ± 0.63***

1.09 ± 0.6

0.98 ± 0.57

1.24 ± 0.61***

0.97 ± 0.57

1.27 ± 0.61***

FIB-4

0.62 ± 0.33

2.86 ± 7.21***

1.42 ± 1.48

6.57 ± 12.71***

1.56 ± 1.7

9.42 ± 15.8***

3.64 ± 3.64

2.49 ± 2.58

5.26 ± 4.27***

2.45 ± 2.53

5.54 ± 4.3***

ALT (IU/L)

30.97 ± 15.63

176.49 ± 199.81***

195.3 ± 213.41

128.51 ± 150.32***

193.08 ± 208.27

94.18 ± 121.97***

17.92 ± 7.79

81.57 ± 117.77***

111.4 ± 141.39

57.2 ± 87.35***

108.45 ± 138.58

57.43 ± 89.06***

AST (IU/L)

21.81 ± 6.84

93.21 ± 99.71***

95.65 ± 100.23

86.98 ± 98.47

96.32 ± 102.01

77.75 ± 86.32

20.25 ± 4.37

68.73 ± 73.78***

85.6 ± 91.48

54.95 ± 51.62*

83.2 ± 89.82

55.74 ± 52.57

TBIL (μmol/L)

15.5 ± 4.84

27.73 ± 32.98***

21.75 ± 13.27

42.87 ± 55.62***

23.06 ± 20.64

50.58 ± 61.18***

13.98 ± 3.62

33.67 ± 47.77***

23.77 ± 38.4

41.77 ± 52.99***

23.54 ± 37.45

42.77 ± 53.94***

ALP (IU/L)

85.57 ± 19.18

89.72 ± 76.26

81.3 ± 65.24

111.05 ± 95.86**

82.37 ± 61.46

125.77 ± 119.98**

77.82 ± 19.21

93.68 ± 70.86*

70.57 ± 55.75

112.56 ± 76.25***

70.97 ± 54.47

114.08 ± 77.53***

GGT (IU/L)

17.12 ± 10.72

69.18 ± 97.06***

61.13 ± 69.75

89.73 ± 143.43*

66.72 ± 74.55

81.42 ± 169.46

26.26 ± 19.07

76.87 ± 82.16***

77.22 ± 83.58

76.59 ± 81.23

76.14 ± 81.77

77.53 ± 82.76

TP (g/L)

74.41 ± 4.76

73.47 ± 8.55*

75.68 ± 5.31

67.87 ± 12.03***

75.42 ± 5.24

63.82 ± 13.76***

73.65 ± 3.19

71.31 ± 17.94***

72.89 ± 5.84

69.97 ± 23.74***

73.07 ± 5.82

69.66 ± 24.23***

ALB (g/L)

49.23 ± 2.77

40.19 ± 5.91***

42.14 ± 3.37

35.23 ± 7.81***

41.75 ± 3.54

32.47 ± 8.67***

44.92 ± 2.19

37.86 ± 7.18***

41.44 ± 4.79

34.93 ± 7.48***

41.39 ± 4.71

34.69 ± 7.54***

TBA (μmol/L)

4.67 ± 3.18

28.47 ± 45.11***

20.33 ± 37.28

49.68 ± 55.81***

21.3 ± 36.44

65.41 ± 63.96***

3.6 ± 2.63

43.41 ± 55.16***

25.05 ± 37.86

58.89 ± 62.37***

24.33 ± 37.04

61.11 ± 62.91***

PLT (10⁹/L)

261.02 ± 65.25

164.52 ± 61.7***

184.2 ± 47.74

114.68 ± 65.05***

179.06 ± 49.86

93.23 ± 64.82***

132.44 ± 62.97

163.58 ± 51

106.03 ± 60.14***

161.54 ± 51.18

105.27 ± 60.9***

Collagen proportionate area

7.46 ± 4.01

1.96 ± 1.43

9.95 ± 6.03***

2.71 ± 2.45

15.17 ± 7.11***

HBV-DNA (log10)

6.25 ± 2.42

6.32 ± 2.44

5.99 ± 2.34

6.33 ± 2.38

5.39 ± 2.66

Negative HbeAg, n

191

115

76

142

49

Negative HbeAb, n

223

153

70

175

48

Negative HbsAg, n

29

24

5

26

3