Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis surveillance and cascade of care in Madagascar: a five-year (2012–2017) retrospective study

Table 1 MDR-TB cascade of care data sources and estimations, Madagascar, 2017

Cascade step	Methods/data source	References	TB all forms	Presumptive MDR-TB	MDR-TB
Cascade step	Methods/data source	References	n (95% CI)	n (95% CI)	n (95% CI)
1. Prevalent cases	• WHO • National drug resistance survey • National reference laboratory data • NTP case notification data	[1, 2, 22, 23]	61,880 (40,040–88,400)	3646 (2258–5437)	341 (61–913)
2. Reached diagnostic and treatment centre	• Country tuberculosis guidelines • Diagnostic literature • Locally assessed sensitivity of sputum microscopy and GeneXpert MTB/RIF • National reference laboratory data • NTP case notification data	[17, 19, 20, 23,24,25]	51,419 (46,744–57,250)	3563 (3197–4046)	224 (170–330)
3. Diagnosed	• National reference laboratory data • NTP case notification data	[23, 26]	35,339 (35,124–35,570)	2485 (2443–2540)	24 (22–27)
4. Registered for treatment	• NTP clinical management data	[26]	32,427 (−)	2257 (−)	18 (−)
5. Cured or treatment completed	• NTP clinical management data	[26]	28,178 (−)	1852 (−)	8 (−)
6. Recurrence-free survival	• NTP clinical management data • Clinical TB literature	[26, 27]	27,996 (27,774–28,108)	1670 (1448–1782)	8 (−)

The cascade of care steps with references and total number of cases. Presumptive MDR-TB cases are included in TB all forms; MDR-TB cases are included in presumptive MDR-TB cases
CI confidence interval, MDR-TB multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, MTB/RIF Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin, NTP national tuberculosis control programme, WHO World Health Organization

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