Table 5 Demographics among community and health facility deaths in the study countries
Demographic factor | Cameroon | Malawi | Niger | Nigeria | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Community deaths, N | Facility deaths, N | p* | Community deaths, N | Facility deaths, N | p | Community deaths, N | Facility deaths, N | p | Com-munity deaths, N | Facility deaths, N | p | |
Neonates | 109 | 55 | 144 | 176 | 368 | 85 | 524 | 198 | ||||
Age less than 7 days | 67% | 80% | 0.049 | 60% | 78% | 0.001 | 60% | 90% | < 0.001 | 71% | 82% | 0.006 |
Age 7–27 days | 33% | 20% | 0.049 | 40% | 22% | 0.001 | 40% | 10% | < 0.001 | 29% | 18% | 0.006 |
Mother’s education (none) | 3% | 2% | 0.690 | 18% | 11% | 0.073 | 91% | 67% | 0.004 | 63% | 24% | < 0.001 |
Mother’s education (none/primary) | 71% | 64% | 0.414 | 80% | 64% | 0.001 | 97% | 90% | 0.064 | 82% | 49% | < 0.001 |
Child male | 60% | 56% | 0.686 | 59% | 55% | 0.469 | 57% | 62% | 0.543 | 57% | 58% | 0.703 |
Lowest wealth quintile | 19% | 24% | 0.584 | 31% | 22% | 0.080 | 30% | 26% | 0.576 | 34% | 14% | < 0.001 |
Highest wealth quintile | 17% | 24% | 0.375 | 13% | 24% | 0.012 | 13% | 35% | 0.014 | 11% | 42% | < 0.001 |
Born in facility | 20% | 76% | < 0.001 | 45% | 87% | < 0.001 | 18% | 74% | < 0.001 | 17% | 87% | < 0.001 |
ANC (formal) | 72% | 85% | 0.040 | 90% | 96% | 0.032 | 73% | 80% | 0.312 | 51% | 84% | < 0.001 |
Children | 453 | 182 | 342 | 349 | 504 | 115 | 1610 | 445 | ||||
Age 1–11 months | 42% | 38% | 0.374 | 56% | 44% | 0.006 | 45% | 42% | 0.747 | 34% | 34% | 0.847 |
Age 12–23 months | 27% | 26% | 0.850 | 23% | 24% | 0.685 | 23% | 16% | 0.131 | 27% | 29% | 0.611 |
Age 24–59 months | 31% | 36% | 0.240 | 21% | 32% | 0.004 | 32% | 41% | 0.205 | 39% | 37% | 0.505 |
Mother’s education (none) | 5% | 3% | 0.268 | 26% | 18% | 0.011 | 89% | 90% | 0.922 | 68% | 42% | < 0.001 |
Mother’s education (none/primary) | 77% | 72% | 0.298 | 77% | 77% | 0.916 | 94% | 94% | 0.920 | 83% | 67% | < 0.001 |
Child male | 47% | 53% | 0.261 | 48% | 48% | 0.955 | 49% | 49% | 0.971 | 51% | 52% | 0.641 |
Lowest wealth quintile | 30% | 19% | 0.006 | 29% | 24% | 0.111 | 27% | 19% | 0.055 | 22% | 14% | < 0.001 |
Highest wealth quintile | 19% | 23% | 0.313 | 18% | 21% | 0.218 | 15% | 36% | 0.003 | 13% | 32% | < 0.001 |
Born in facility | 25% | 42% | < 0.001 | 70% | 82% | 0.001 | 23% | 41% | 0.011 | 20% | 49% | < 0.001 |