Impact of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine on the incidence of malaria in infancy: a randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Impact of IPTp on the incidence of malaria during infancy stratified by sex, age, and gravidity

Strata	Maternal IPTp arm	Number of infants	Episodes of malaria	Person-years of follow-up	Incidence of malaria (PPY)	IRR (95% CI)	p value
All infants born alive	SP	339	602	304.4	1.98	0.87 (0.73–1.03)	0.11
All infants born alive	DP	339	529	309.2	1.71	0.87 (0.73–1.03)	0.11
Sex
Female infants	SP	166	283	152.5	1.86	0.99 (0.79–1.24)	0.93
Female infants	DP	180	303	164.8	1.84	0.99 (0.79–1.24)	0.93
Male infants	SP	173	319	151.8	2.10	0.75 (0.58–0.98)	0.03
Male infants	DP	159	226	144.3	1.57	0.75 (0.58–0.98)	0.03
Female infants stratified by age
0–3 months of age	SP	166	30	40.1	0.75	1.16 (0.72–1.89)	0.54
0–3 months of age	DP	180	38	43.6	0.87	1.16 (0.72–1.89)	0.54
> 3–12 months of age	SP	156	253	112.5	2.25	0.97 (0.77–1.24)	0.83
> 3–12 months of age	DP	168	265	121.3	2.19	0.97 (0.77–1.24)	0.83
Male infants stratified by age
0–3 months of age	SP	173	22	41.5	0.53	0.89 (0.48–1.66)	0.72
0–3 months of age	DP	159	18	38.2	0.47	0.89 (0.48–1.66)	0.72
> 3–12 months of age	SP	160	297	110.3	2.69	0.73 (0.56–0.96)	0.02
> 3–12 months of age	DP	145	208	106.1	1.96	0.73 (0.56–0.96)	0.02
Maternal gravidity
1	SP	86	131	69.3	1.89	0.84 (0.58–1.20)	0.33
1	DP	73	102	64.6	1.58	0.84 (0.58–1.20)	0.33
2	SP	72	97	65.5	1.48	1.04 (0.72–1.49)	0.85
2	DP	90	124	81.1	1.53	1.04 (0.72–1.49)	0.85
> 3	SP	181	374	169.5	2.21	0.84 (0.67–1.07)	0.15
> 3	DP	176	303	163.5	1.85	0.84 (0.67–1.07)	0.15

CI confidence interval, DP dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, IPTp intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy, IRR incidence rate ratio, PPY per person-year, SP sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine

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