Fig. 3

Example stimuli from the study 2 EEG paradigm. The EEG paradigm had a 2 × 2 design with the factors context (social or non-social) and modality (visual or auditory). Visual social stimuli consisted of videos of women turning their heads and smiling. Visual non-social stimuli consisted of videos of common objects rotating. During visual perception, white noise was played in the auditory modality. Auditory social stimuli consisted of infant-directed speech. Auditory non-social stimuli consisted of recordings of water sounds. During auditory perception, a video of static-like salt and pepper noise was played in the visual modality