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Table 3 Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders during the year after cancer diagnosis in relation to pre-diagnostic exclusive use of aspirin, analysis by recency of use, daily dose, and duration of use

From: Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders following a cancer diagnosis: a nationwide register-based cohort study

Characteristics

1000 PYs

Event (IR)

Model 1a

Model 2b

Model 3c

No NSAIDs (reference group)

174

3408 (19.6)

1.00

1.00

1.00

Recency of aspirin use

 Previous

12

229 (19.1)

1.02 (0.89–1.18)

1.02 (0.88–1.18)

1.01 (0.88–1.17)

 Current

38

568 (15.1)

0.82 (0.74–0.91)

0.81 (0.73–0.90)

0.84 (0.75–0.93)

Daily dose of aspirin use

 Low-dose

40

659 (16.4)

0.87 (0.79–0.97)

0.87 (0.78–0.96)

0.88 (0.80–0.98)

 Medium dose

6

90 (15.8)

0.95 (0.76–1.18)

0.94 (0.75–1.17)

0.96 (0.77–1.19)

 High dose

1

18 (19.9)

1.17 (0.73–1.86)

1.16 (0.72–1.84)

1.17 (0.73–1.86)

Duration of aspirin use

 Short-term

10

210 (20.6)

1.07 (0.93–1.25)

1.06 (0.92–1.24)

1.07 (0.92–1.25)

 Long-term

37

557 (15.2)

0.83 (0.74–0.92)

0.82 (0.74–0.91)

0.84 (0.76–0.94)

Combined regimens

 Previous, low-dose

10

195 (19.3)

1.03 (0.88–1.21)

1.02 (0.87–1.19)

1.02 (0.87–1.19)

 Previous, medium-high dose

2

30 (17.8)

1.09 (0.75–1.57)

1.06 (0.74–1.53)

1.04 (0.72–1.49)

 Current, low-dose, long-term

26

362 (14.2)

0.76 (0.67–0.86)

0.75 (0.66–0.85)

0.77 (0.68–0.87)

 Current, low-dose, short-term

5

102 (22.1)

1.15 (0.94–1.41)

1.13 (0.92–1.38)

1.16 (0.94–1.42)

 Current, medium-high dose, long-term

4

65 (15.5)

0.94 (0.73–1.21)

0.92 (0.71–1.18)

0.95 (0.74–1.23)

 Current, medium-high dose, short-term

1

13 (18.1)

1.04 (0.60–1.80)

1.02 (0.59–1.76)

1.05 (0.61–1.82)

  1. Recency was defined by the time since last dispensed date to cancer diagnosis and patients were classified into previous users (more than 90 days before cancer diagnosis) and current users (within 90 days before cancer diagnosis). A total dispensed dose of aspirin, average daily dose, and number of days to be covered were calculated according to prescription text. Average daily dose was then categorized as low (20–150 mg), medium (151–300 mg), and high (> 300 mg) dose. Long-term users were defined as those who used aspirin for ≥ 300 days during the 365 days before cancer diagnosis. IRs were calculated by dividing the number of patients that received a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders by the number of person-years accumulated during follow-up. Combined regimens across recency, dose, and duration were also examined. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated from separate Cox proportional hazard models to assess the effect of recency, dose, and duration of use, as well as the six combined regimens of aspirin use, using no use of NSAIDs as the reference
  2. Abbreviations: PYs person-years, IR incidence rate per 1000 person-years
  3. aEstimates were adjusted for age, sex, calendar year at cancer diagnosis, educational level, occupation, region of residence, marital status, and Chronic Disease Score
  4. bEstimates were additionally adjusted for potential indications for NSAID use
  5. cEstimates were additionally adjusted for common cancer types and cancer stage, as well as subtypes of hematological malignancies (leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome, or myeloproliferative neoplasm)
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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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