Fig. 3

Spline regression analysis of incident atrial fibrillation by levels of mtDNA copy number. The curves represent adjusted hazard ratios (solid line) and their 95% confidence intervals (dashed lines) based on restricted cubic splines of mtDNA copy number with knots at the 5th, 35th, 65th, and 95th percentiles of its distribution. The reference value (diamond dot) was set at the 90th percentile of the distribution. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race/enrollment center, body mass index, height, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, total and HDL cholesterol, cholesterol medication, hypertension, diabetes, prevalent CHD, prevalent heart failure, eGFR, and log-transformed NT-proBNP at baseline. Histograms represent the frequency distribution of mtDNA copy number at baseline