Table 2 Hazard ratios for AF associated with different risk factors
From: Mitochondrial DNA copy number and incident atrial fibrillation
ARIC | MESA | CHS | |
|---|---|---|---|
mtDNA-CN | 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) | 0.96 (0.89, 1.03) | 0.97 (0.91,1.03) |
Age, years | 1.65 (1.55, 1.77) | 2.22 (1.99, 2.48) | 1.57 (1.46,1.68) |
Sex | |||
Female | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
Male | 1.29 (1.08, 1.55) | 1.47 (1.16, 1.87) | 0.87 (0.72,1.05) |
Race | |||
White | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
Black | 0.58 (0.49, 0.69) | 0.67 (0.54, 0.84) | 0.65 (0.53, 0.79) |
Chinese-American | NA | 1.40 (1.03, 1.90) | NA |
Hispanic | NA | 0.91 (0.70, 1.19) | NA |
BMI, kg/m2 | 1.31 (1.24, 1.39) | 1.28 (1.17, 1.40) | 1.09 (1.02,1.17) |
Smoking | |||
Never | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
Former | 1.09 (0.95, 1.25) | 1.06 (0.89, 1.25) | 1.10 (0.97,1.25) |
Current | 1.74 (1.49, 2.02) | 1.56 (1.20, 2.04) | 1.23 (0.99,1.52) |
Physical activity | 0.98 (0.93, 1.04) | 0.99 (0.90, 1.08) | 0.99 (0.93,1.05) |
Alcohol | |||
Never | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
Former | 1.03 (0.87, 1.23) | 1.21 (0.95, 1.55) | NA |
Current | 0.88 (0.76, 1.03) | 1.15 (0.91, 1.44) | 0.97 (0.87,1.07) |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 0.97 (0.92, 1.03) | 1.05 (0.97, 1.14) | 0.95 (0.89,1.02) |
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 0.98 (0.92, 1.05) | 1.00 (0.91, 1.09) | 1.05 (0.98,1.13) |
Lipid-lowering medication | |||
No | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
Yes | 1.09 (0.87, 1.35) | 1.11 (0.92, 1.34) | 1.08 (0.82,1.42) |
Diabetes | |||
No | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
Yes | 1.36 (1.17, 1.59) | 1.20 (0.97, 1.48) | 1.25 (1.06,1.48) |
Hypertension | |||
No | Reference (1) | Reference (1) | Reference (1) |
Yes | 1.41 (1.11, 1.79) | 1.04 (0.88, 1.23) | 1.32 (1.16,1.49) |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 1.09 (1.02, 1.16) | 1.06 (0.97, 1.16) | 1.01 (0.94,1.08) |