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Table 5 Odds of clinical malaria and asymptomatic infection by individual-level serological status, unadjusted and adjusted for age group (< 5 years, 5–15 years, and > 15 years) and LLIN use in the last 24 h

From: Antibody responses to a suite of novel serological markers for malaria surveillance demonstrate strong correlation with clinical and parasitological infection across seasons and transmission settings in The Gambia

Odds of clinical malaria or asymptomatic infection amongst sero-positive individuals, by antigen

 

Unadjusted

Adjusted

OR

95% CI

p value

aOR

95% CI

p value

Etramp5.Ag1

 Clinical malaria

5.88

3.44–10.03

< 0.001

4.60

2.98–7.12

< 0.001

 Asymptomatic infection

3.20

2.64–3.88

< 0.001

3.33

2.72–4.08

< 0.001

GEXP18

 Clinical malaria

2.57

1.44–4.61

0.002

1.48

0.90–2.41

0.122

 Asymptomatic infection

2.94

2.38–3.64

< 0.001

3.12

2.50–3.90

< 0.001

HSP40.Ag1

 Clinical malaria

1.67

0.88–3.18

0.119

0.99

0.59–1.65

0.956

 Asymptomatic infection

2.53

2.06–3.10

< 0.001

2.64

2.09–3.33

< 0.001

Rh2.2030

 Clinical malaria

2.20

1.10–4.38

0.025

1.28

0.77–2.12

0.338

 Asymptomatic infection

2.45

1.98–3.03

< 0.001

3.06

2.40–3.89

< 0.001

EBA175

 Clinical malaria

1.37

0.67–2.81

0.390

1.54

0.86–2.75

0.147

 Asymptomatic infection

2.09

1.74–2.51

< 0.001

2.86

2.21–3.72

< 0.001

PfMSP119

 Clinical malaria

3.83

1.95–7.51

< 0.001

4.09

2.60–6.44

< 0.001

 Asymptomatic infection

2.29

1.82–2.88

< 0.001

2.49

1.90–3.27

< 0.001

PfAMA1

 Clinical malaria

2.21

1.25–3.90

0.006

2.32

1.40–3.85

0.001

 Asymptomatic infection

2.62

2.12–3.24

< 0.001

3.80

2.95–4.90

< 0.001

PfGLURP.R2

 Clinical malaria

2.17

1.28–3.68

0.004

3.12

2.12–4.59

< 0.001

 Asymptomatic infection

2.38

1.96–2.89

< 0.001

3.80

2.92–4.95

< 0.001