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Table 2 Regression estimates for association of Zip Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA) level predictors with detected COVID-19 cases in New York City as at 5 April 2020.

From: An ecological study of socioeconomic predictors in detection of COVID-19 cases across neighborhoods in New York City

Predictors

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis (full)ā€ 

Multivariable analysis (sig. only)ā€”

Stepwise backwards elimination

 

Estimate

95% CI

p value

Estimate

95% CI

p value

Estimate

95% CI

p value

Estimate

95% CI

p value

Demographic parameters

            

Young1

0.0093

0.0057, 0.013

<0.001āˆ—

0.0064

0.0020, 0.0108

0.005āˆ—

0.0076

0.0034, 0.0117

0.001āˆ—

0.0049

0.0012, 0.0085

0.009āˆ—

Aged2

āˆ’0.0072

āˆ’0.0116, āˆ’0.0027

0.002āˆ—

āˆ’0.0002

āˆ’0.0050, 0.0046

0.915

āˆ’0.0010

ā€“0.0054, 0.0035

0.668

   

MFR3

0.0004

āˆ’0.0015, 0.0024

0.626

0.0023

0.0005, 0.0041

0.012āˆ—

   

0.0024

0.0009, 0.0039

0.002āˆ—

Race4

āˆ’0.0027

āˆ’0.0035, āˆ’0.0020

<0.001āˆ—

āˆ’0.0018

āˆ’0.0027, āˆ’0.0009

<0.001āˆ—

āˆ’0.0014

āˆ’0.0023, āˆ’0.0004

0.005āˆ—

āˆ’0.0019

āˆ’0.0027, āˆ’0.0010

<0.001āˆ—

Density5

0.0031

0.0012, 0.0049

0.002āˆ—

0.0031

0.0013, 0.0049

0.001āˆ—

0.0023

0.0005, 0.0040

0.013āˆ—

0.0033

0.0016, 0.0050

<0.001āˆ—

Economic parameters

            

Gini6

0.2617

āˆ’0.2447, 0.7708

0.312

āˆ’0.2903

āˆ’0.7482, 0.1739

0.215

   

āˆ’0.4830

āˆ’0.8884, āˆ’0.0699

0.022āˆ—

Income7

āˆ’0.0027

āˆ’0.0034, āˆ’0.0021

<0.001āˆ—

āˆ’0.0024

āˆ’0.0036, āˆ’0.0013

<0.001āˆ—

āˆ’0.0025

āˆ’0.0037, āˆ’0.0013

<0.001āˆ—

āˆ’0.0020

āˆ’0.0029, āˆ’0.0012

<0.001āˆ—

Unemployment8

0.0146

0.0085, 0.021

<0.001āˆ—

āˆ’0.0051

āˆ’0.0127, 0.0027

0.194

āˆ’0.0056

āˆ’0.0132, 0.0023

0.159

āˆ’0.0076

āˆ’0.0146, āˆ’0.0005

0.037āˆ—

Poverty9

0.0064

0.0046, 0.0082

<0.001āˆ—

āˆ’0.0032

āˆ’0.0072, 0.0009

0.120

āˆ’0.0047

āˆ’0.0084, āˆ’0.0010

0.014āˆ—

   

Health parameters

            

Uninsured10

0.0154

0.0110, 0.0200

<0.001āˆ—

0.0031

āˆ’0.0023, 0.0085

0.255

0.0064

0.0013, 0.0115

0.014āˆ—

   

Beds11

āˆ’0.014

āˆ’0.0306, 0.0023

0.090

āˆ’0.0180

āˆ’0.0314, āˆ’0.0046

0.008āˆ—

   

āˆ’0.0198

āˆ’0.0326, āˆ’0.0071

0.002āˆ—

  1. 1Percentage of population under 18
  2. 2Percentage of population 65+
  3. 3Males per 100 females
  4. 4Percentage of population that identify as white (alone or in combination with another race)
  5. 5Population density
  6. 6Gini index
  7. 7Median household income in $1,000s
  8. 8Percentage of working age population unemployed
  9. 9Percentage of population living below the poverty threshold
  10. 10Percentage of population uninsured
  11. 11 log(total number of hospital beds per 1000 people within 5 km)
  12. *Significant at Ī±=0.05
  13. ā€ All predictors
  14. ā€”Only significant predictors from the univariable step
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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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