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Table 3 Associations of the eight metabolite modules with each preterm delivery (PTD) subgroup, compared to women with term delivery

From: Postpartum plasma metabolomic profile among women with preeclampsia and preterm delivery: implications for long-term health

Modulea

Nmetabolite

Top hub metaboliteb

mPTD + preeclampsia

mPTD only

sPTD

Beta ± SEc

P

Beta ± SEc

P

Beta ± SEc

P

Blue

54

C44:1 TAG

0.000 ± 0.003

0.98

− 0.011 ± 0.004

0.004*

− 0.003 ± 0.002

0.10

Yellow

38

C16:0 CE or C36:2 DAGd

0.016 ± 0.003

7.8 × 10–7*

− 0.001 ± 0.004

0.86

− 0.004 ± 0.002

0.06

Pink

26

C18:1 LPC

0.009 ± 0.003

0.007

0.005 ± 0.004

0.24

0.005 ± 0.002

0.03

Red

36

C32:2 PC

0.001 ± 0.003

0.76

− 0.008 ± 0.004

0.03

− 0.002 ± 0.002

0.30

Turquoise

63

C16:0 sphingomyelin

− 0.001 ± 0.003

0.74

0.001 ± 0.004

0.71

0.000 ± 0.002

0.85

Black

34

C14:1 carnitine

0.015 ± 0.003

1.6 × 10–5*

0.009 ± 0.004

0.02

0.002 ± 0.002

0.33

Brown

41

Valine

0.003 ± 0.003

0.38

0.001 ± 0.004

0.77

0.001 ± 0.002

0.66

Green

37

Pseudouridine

0.011 ± 0.003

7.0 × 10–4*

0.002 ± 0.004

0.54

− 0.006 ± 0.002

0.003*

  1. mPTD medically indicated PTD, CE cholesteryl ester, DAG diacylglycerol, LPC lysophosphatidylcholine, PC phosphatidylcholine, TAG triacylglycerol
  2. aThe WGCNA analysis was conducted on 1330 samples using the “unsigned” network, where the highly correlated (either positive or negative) metabolites were grouped into the same module
  3. bThe top hub metabolite was defined as the one with the highest mean correlation with the other metabolites in the same module
  4. cAdjusted for maternal age at delivery, maternal ethnicity/race, maternal birthplace, pregestational BMI category, pregestational diabetes, chronic hypertension, marital status, highest education level, parity, smoking during pregnancy, illicit drug use, lifetime stress, and fetal sex
  5. dC16:0 CE is negatively correlated with the “yellow” module score while C36:2 DAG is positively correlated with the “yellow” module score
  6. *Significant after Bonferroni corrections for multiple testing on 8 metabolite modules