Table 1 Table with safety profile of AED in pregnant women
AED | Indication | Neurological development after in utero exposure | % of fetal malformation | Enzyme inducing | SJS/TEN | Dyslipidemia |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phenobarbital | Broad spectrum AED | No statistically significant association with adverse neurological outcomes and autism1 | 6.50%2 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Phenytoin | Broad spectrum AED | No statistically significant association with adverse neurological outcomes and autism 1 | 6.4%2 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Carbamazepine | Broad spectrum AED | No statistically significant association with adverse neurological outcomes and autism 1 | 5.50% 2 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Valproic acid | Broad spectrum AED | Pooled OR of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes and autism compared to women who did not receive AED during pregnancy (OR=7.40; CI :95% 3.00 to 18.46); (OR:17.29; 95%CI: 2.40-217.60) respectively 1 | 10.30%2 | No | Yes | No evidence |
Second line AED | Â | Â | Absence of AED exposure: 2.6% 2 | Â | Â | Â |
Lamotrigine | Broad spectrum AED | Pooled OR of autism compared to women who did not receive AED during pregnancy (OR: 8.88; 95%CI: 1.28-112.00)1 | 2.90% 2 | No | Yes | No evidence |
Levetiracetam | Broad spectrum AED | No statistically significant association with adverse neurological outcomes and autism1 | 2.80% 2 | No Not enzyme inducing, not associated with clinically relevant drug interactions | No evidence | No evidence |