Fig. 1

Deletion of the nSMase2/Smpd3 gene attenuates the inflammatory response in mdx mice. a Representative images of H&E-stained tibialis anterior (TA) muscle sections from wt, mdx, and mdx:Smpd3^+/− mice (lines #11 and #28) at 6 weeks of age. Scale bars = 50 μm. b The area of the inflammation from the TA sections of wt, mdx, and mdx:Smpd3^+/− mice (#11 and #28) were quantitated (n = 3 per genotype) (c, d). Representative images for quantification of inflammation in the hindlimb muscles, measured by cathepsin-B activity via live-animal optical imaging of wt, mdx, mdx:Smpd3^−/−, and Smpd3^−/− mice (c) and quantification of the inflammation intensities (d). The numbers of animals used are indicated in parentheses