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Fig. 6 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 6

From: The nSMase2/Smpd3 gene modulates the severity of muscular dystrophy and the emotional stress response in mdx mice

Fig. 6

Loss of the nSMase2/Smpd3 gene in mdx mice modulates anxiety-associated behavior in the hole-board and open-field tests. wt, mdx, and mdx:Smpd3−/−, and Smpd3−/− mice at 11 weeks of age were restrained for 10 s and released into a measuring field. Freezing times were measured for 5 min. a The total time spent freezing during the 5 min period is indicated as a percentage. Head-dip count (b), head-dip latency (c), and the total distance traveled (d) in the hole-board test were analyzed in 12-week-old wt, mdx, mdx:Smpd3−/−, and Smpd3−/− mice. Total distance (e), speed (f), movement distances in each of six time bins (g), distance per movement (h), time per movement (i), total movement duration (j), total time in the center (k), and average speed (l) were measured in the open-field test for wt, mdx, mdx:Smpd3−/−, and Smpd3−/− mice at 10 weeks of age. The number of animals used is indicated in parentheses. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

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