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Table 2 Comparison of median and interquartile ranges in haematology values measured in nMI, UM, and SM cases

From: Machine learning approaches classify clinical malaria outcomes based on haematological parameters

 

Non-malaria infections (a), N = 978

Uncomplicated malaria (b), N = 703

a vs b

Severe malaria (c), N = 526

b vs c

a vs c

a vs b vs c

Parameters

Median

IQR

Median

IQR

P value

Median

IQR

P value

P value

P value

WBC indices

 WBC count (103/μL)

9.3

7.0–12.8

8.3

6.3–10.8

< 0.001

11.6

8.3–16.6

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Lymphocyte count (103/μL)

3.0

2.0–4.5

1.9

1.3–3.0

< 0.001

3.8

2.4–6.0

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Mixed cell count (103/μL)

0.8

0.5–1.1

0.5

0.3–0.8

< 0.001

0.9

0.5–1.4

< 0.001

0.004

< 0.001

 Neutrophil count (103/μL)

4.8

3.3–7.6

5.4

3.7–7.6

0.115

6.5

4.4–9.4

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Lymphocyte percent (%)

35.8

22.6–47.8

24.7

16.8–36.8

< 0.001

33.9

26.5–44.4

< 0.001

0.964

< 0.001

 Mixed cell percent (%)

8.6

6.7–11.0

6.9

5.0–9.2

< 0.001

8.2

5.5–11.3

< 0.001

0.012

< 0.001

 Neutrophil percent (%)

54.4

41.7–69.0

67.8

53.7–77.1

< 0.001

55.8

46.6–66.2

< 0.001

0.568

< 0.001

RBC indices

 RBC count (106/μL)

4.5

4.2–5.0

4.1

3.6–4.5

< 0.001

2.4

1.7–3.2

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Hb level (g/dL)

11.0

10.1–11.8

10.1

8.8–11.2

< 0.001

5.6

4.1–7.4

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Haematocrit (%)

34.5

32–37.1

31.1

27.2–34.8

< 0.001

16.7

12.0–21.1

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 RBC distribution width (%)

15.1

14.0–16.6

15.7

14.7–17.1

< 0.001

18.1

16.2–20.1

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Mean cell volume (fL)

76.0

71.2–80.3

76.0

72.0–81.0

0.510

70.0

64.7–75.4

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Mean corpuscular Hb (pg)

23.7

21.8–25.6

24.9

23.0–26.4

< 0.001

23.8

21.5–26.7

0.001

0.006

< 0.001

 Mean cell Hb concentration (g/dL)

31.6

29.6–32.5

32.3

31.5–33.3

< 0.001

35.1

31.2–37.4

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Platelet indices

 Platelet count (103/μL)

292.0

226.0–360.0

140.0

92.0–216.0

< 0.001

98.0

61.0–156.0

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Mean platelet volume (fL)

8.2

7.6–8.9

8.1

7.5–8.9

0.186

6.9

6.4–7.8

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Platelet distribution width (fL)

15.0

13.9–15.4

14.5

12.4–15.6

0.005

15

12.0–17.3

< 0.001

0.121

< 0.001

  1. P value—Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post hoc tests
  2. P values were analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc tests. The parameters include WBC indices, RBC indices, and platelet indices. All the haematological parameters were significantly different between the nMI, UM, and SM (P < 0.001)