Fig. 1

Flow chart for pre- and post-propensity score matching indicating the number of patients in each compared group. COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; DPP-4i, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors; GLD, glucose-lowering drugs; GLP-1RA, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists; SGLT-2i, sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus