Skip to main content
Fig. 1 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 1

From: Sleep disturbances and the speed of multimorbidity development in old age: results from a longitudinal population-based study

Fig. 1

Predicted number of neuropsychiatric (NP) and musculoskeletal (MSK) chronic diseases over the 9-year follow-up in relation to the presence and severity of sleep disturbances at baseline

ß coefficients for the interaction term between time and the exposure, obtained through linear mixed models. Models adjusted by sex, age, education level, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, presence of depression (MADRS score > 9) except for the model with NP diseases as the outcome, presence of pain, psychotropic medication, and presence of any chronic disease. Neuropsychiatric diseases: depression and mood diseases, dementia, neurotic or stress-related and somatoform diseases, migraine and facial pain syndromes, peripheral neuropathy, Parkinson or parkinsonism, epilepsy, schizophrenia and delusional diseases, multiple sclerosis, other psychiatric or behavioral diseases, and other neurological diseases. Musculoskeletal diseases: dorsopathies, inflammatory arthropathies, osteoarthritis and other degenerative joint diseases, osteoporosis, and other musculoskeletal and joint diseases.

Back to article page