Table 2 Characteristics of outbreaks, 2008–2019
Characteristic | N (%) |
|---|---|
WHO region | |
 Africa (AFRO) | 61 (80.3) |
 Eastern Mediterranean (EMRO) | 10 (13.2) |
 South-East Asia (SEARO) | 3 (4.0) |
 Americas (PAHO) | 1 (1.3) |
 Western Pacific (WPRO) | 1 (1.3) |
Context | |
 Urban | 43 (56.6) |
 Rural | 27 (35.5) |
 Refugee or displacement camp | 6 (7.9) |
Crisis | Â |
 Fragile situation | 31 (40.8) |
 Armed conflict | 25 (32.9) |
 Country bordering FCAS | 10 (13.2) |
 Natural disaster | 5 (6.6) |
 Refugee setting | 5 (6.6) |
Surveillance system N = 47 (not reported for 29 outbreaks) | |
 Early warning function | 36/47 (76.6) |
  Through routine surveillance |  22/36 (61.1) |
  EWARS/DEWS |  14/36 (38.9) |
 Routine surveillance | 11/47 (23.4) |
Signal N = 55 (not reported for 21 outbreaks) | |
 Alert | 46/55 (83.6) |
  Formal alert |  37/46 (80.4) |
  Informal alert |  9/46 (19.6) |
 Weekly data analysis | 9/55 (16.4) |