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Table 2 Change in evidence components, between and within evidence sources, in the overall sample and in a subgroup of randomized controlled trials and observational studies usable for quantitative evidence synthesisa

From: Changes in evidence for studies assessing interventions for COVID-19 reported in preprints: meta-research study

 

Overall sample (n = 139)b

COVID-NMA subgroup (n = 25)a

Change between or within at least one evidence source pair (n = 139)

First to latest preprint version (n = 91)

First preprint version to journal article (n = 66)

Latest preprint version to journal article (n = 18)

Change between or within at least one evidence source pair (n = 25)

First to latest preprint version (n = 18)

First preprint version to journal article (n = 15)

Latest preprint version to journal article (n = 7)

Change in at least 1 evidence component

63 (45)

35 (38)

36 (55)

8 (44)

15 (60)

8 (44)

12 (86)

3 (43)

Change in study results

42 (30)

23 (25)

25 (38)

6 (33)

10 (40)

5 (28)

9 (64)

3 (43)

Change in risk of bias assessment

5 (20)

1 (6)

4 (27)

1 (14)

Change in abstract conclusion

33 (24)

18 (20)

19 (29)

3 (17)

8 (32)

5 (28)

5 (36)

1 (14)

  1. aIncludes studies used in quantitative evidence synthesis and GRADE development in the COVID-NMA project (randomized controlled trials; interrupted time-series, non-randomized studies using causal inference analysis or multivariable regression adjustment, including at least 150 incident users), with multiple evidence sources or evidence source versions. For more information see: https://covid-nma.com/emulated/
  2. bIncludes the studies in the COVID-NMA subgroup